Mercury Planet Facts For Kids: Color, Size, and Symbol

Learning about the world of solar systems is always a fantasy for kids. Knowing more about the sun and the eight planets add a lot of value to their repository of knowledge. Out of all the planets, Mercury planets facts always come under a special arena as it is closest to the sun and fastest of the planets. Surprisingly, it is not really hotter as expected despite being so close to the sun. It voyages through space with 50km per second or 31 miles per second.

Kids would be eager to learn more about this amazing planet including its color, size, symbol, and a lot of interesting, informative, and fun facts. Let us have a look into more details regarding Mercury.

Table of Content


Mercury Planet – Introduction

If you take a look at the eight planets, Mercury is still a mystery as even experts could find only very less information about it and many of the basic questions are unsettled. And that is what makes the planet more interesting.

This terrestrial planet doesn’t have an atmosphere and is rocky and small. This smallest planet of the solar system goes around the sun every 88 Earth days. Kids would be surprised to learn that they will have a birthday once in three months if they were living in Mercury.

Unlike some other planets, it does not feature any rings or moons. Just because of the proximity, the planet is not easily seen apart from the time of twilight.

It completes 3 rotations about its axis for each of the 2 orbits of the Sun. Interestingly; the Mercury planet can be seen as moving across the sun’s face from Earth thirteen times a century and the event is referred to as a transit.

Mercury Planet Facts

Kids would love to hear a lot of interesting facts regarding the planet. Some of them will be fun facts, others will be more informative, but the most discussed are related to Mercury planet history. Let us have a look.

1) The planet is said to have got its name from the messenger of the gods, Roman deity ‘Mercury’

mercury planet facts

2) If you look at the structure of Mercury, it is almost similar to the planet Earth.

mercury planet facts

3) The BepiColombo spacecraft is programmed to reach the planet by 2025.

bepicolombo - facts about mercury planet

4) Galileo made the first most telescopic observations of the planet long back in the early 17th century.

mercury planet fun facts

5) Giovanni Zupi observed the planet through a telescope to identify its orbital phases that resembled that of Venus and the Moon in 1639.

giovanna battista zyupi - mercury planet fact

6) Mercury was provided different names for its emergence as both an ‘evening star’ and a ‘morning star’.

7) Imagine when Mercury is close to the sun, you just stand on it and observe the sun. When compared to the view from Earth, the sun would be seen as more than three times bigger.

8) If you compare your weight on Earth with that in Mercury, it would be just 38% of the former. There is no wonder why many people wish to migrate to Mercury (kidding!)

9) It will take 176 Earth days to complete a day on Mercury’s surface.

10) The neighboring planet of Mercury is Venus.

11) It is certainly not visible while the sky is completely dark as the setting and rising of the planet is almost within 2 hours from that of the sun.

12) Two spacecraft, MESSENGER and Mariner 10 have visited the planet.

messenger - mercury planet facts

Image: Messenger Space Shuttle

mariner 10 - mercury facts

Image: Mariner 10

13) Due to the short year and slow spin, the sun will take a lot longer to set and rise there. For every 180 Earth days, there will only be a single sunrise.

14) The discovery of Mercury cannot be credited to a single person as it is possible to be observed in the night sky by no need for binoculars or telescope.

15) As there is no atmosphere in Mercury, there are no weather variations like winds, storms, clouds or rain.

16) On average, Mercury is almost 48 million miles far from the planet Earth.

17) The temperature of the planet fluctuates from 801 Fahrenheit all through the day to -279 Fahrenheit during the night

Also Read: Solar System For Kids: Planets and Facts

Planetary Data for Mercury

Eccentricity of orbit 0.2056
Mercurian year 87.97 Earth days
Mean synodic period* 116 Earth days
Radius (mean) 2,439.7 km
Mass 3.30 × 1023 kg
Mean surface gravity 370 cm/sec2
Rotation period (mercurian sidereal day) 58.646 Earth days
The inclination of the equator to orbit
Mean surface temperature 440 K (332 °F, 167 °C)
Typical surface pressure about 10−15 bar
The average distance from the sun 57,909,227 km (0.39 AU)
 Number of known moons  

none

Maximum visual magnitude −1.9
Mean orbital velocity 47.36 km/sec
Surface area 74,797,000 km2
Mean density 5.43 g/cm3
Escape velocity 4.25 km/sec
The mercurian mean solar day 175.9 Earth days
The inclination of the orbit to the ecliptic 7.0°

Mercury Planet Colour

Each of the planets is represented by different colors that indicate their composition and based on the way their atmospheres or surfaces absorb and reflect sunlight. Mercury planet has a rocky surface and a thick coat of dust covers it. The dust and igneous silicate rocks may be the reason for its dark gray color.

merucry planet color

However, the color of Mercury that would appear to the human eye may be different. Also, these colors showcase the chemical, physical and mineralogical differences linking the rocks that form the Mercury’s surface.

Different from other Solar System planets, Mercury is simply bare rock. Even when it features a tenuous atmosphere, space and ground observations could spot only the gray color. Following the solar system formation billions of years ago, the molten surface of the planet got cooled and toughened to result in the Mercury planet color.

Mercury Planet size

Another interesting area of discussion is regarding Mercury planet size. The width of the planet is more or less similar to the Atlantic Ocean. If you consider the area of Earth, almost 18 Mercury planets can be accommodated. A closer look will say that it is only somewhat bigger than Earth’s moon. In fact, it is eighth in mass and size of all the planets.

The composition of the planet is interesting as its 30% comprises silicate material and about 70% is metallic. The density is just less than that of Earth and so it is the second-highest in terms of density in the Solar System planets. The core of Mercury should have iron and must be large to have this high density.

Mercury Planet Symbol

A planetary symbol or planet symbol is a graphical representation used in astronomy and astrology in order to characterize a classical planet. And just like other features, Mercury planet symbol is also another important area of discussion. The planet is represented by the symbol ☿.

mercury planet symbol

This symbol in fact symbolizes the winged cap and head of Mercury, God. However, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) doesn’t really encourage the use of the planet symbols in the present journal articles.

Final Remarks

Mercury is one of the most discussed among the eight planets of the solar system and the reasons are obvious.

Experts in this field are still eager to find answers to a lot of unanswered questions regarding Mercury planet facts. A new data hinted that water ice may be present at the bottom sides of craters at the planet’s poles. As the days pass, more and more interesting and surprising information about the planet is expected to get explored.

Geography is an interesting subject that covers a lot of areas including world Atlas, planet Earth, the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, nature, environment, climatology & meteorology and a lot more. Picking a few Geography Quiz Questions with regard to the subject can be quite challenging as geography is too vast.

Here we have listed some of the simple geography quiz questions and answers for kids that cover important areas like country capitals, oceans, continents, cities, river, and seas.

Get more FREE Geography apps (Check it Now)

This is a good platform for kids to have an idea about the important geography areas and they can refer to related questions also to strengthen their knowledge base.

Have a look at 170+ Simple Geography Quiz Questions and Answers for Kids

Also Read:

Easy Geography Questions for Class 1, 2 and 3 (up to year 7)

Here are very simple travel trivia questions for you to get started on elementary geography. These questions are selected to suit the child’s basic knowledge.

1. Which is the largest country in the world?

Answer: Russia

2. Which country has the largest population in the world?

Answer: China

3. What are the names of the five oceans?

Answer: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic and Southern

4. How many states of India share its border with Bhutan?

Answer: 4 (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, West Bengal & Sikkim)

5. What is the capital city of India?

Answer: New Delhi

6. In which country would you find the Leaning Tower of Pisa?

Answer: Italy

7. Which are the 7 continents in the world from largest in area to smallest?

Answer: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia

8. Which is colder: The North Pole or the South Pole?

Answer: The South Pole

9. Which planet is nearest to the Earth?

Answer: Venus

10. What is the name of the biggest ocean on Earth?

Answer: The Pacific Ocean

11.  The United States consists of how many states?

Answer: 50

12. Which is the largest waterfall in the world?

Answer: Victoria Falls

13. Which is the biggest desert in the world?

Answer: Sahara Desert

14. Which is the hottest continent on Earth?

Answer: Africa

15. Which is the highest mountain in the world?

Answer: Mount Everest

16. Which is the coldest place on Earth?

Answer: Antarctica

17. Which continent is known as Dark Continent?

Answer: Africa

18. What is the capital city of Canada?

Answer: Ottawa

19. Which continent is Britain part of?

Answer: Europe (lies to the Northwest of mainland Europe)

20. What do you call a chain of mountains?

Answer: A range

21. How many deserts does Africa have?

Answer: (Sahara, Kalahani and Namib)

22. Which is the largest lake in north America?

Answer: Lake Superior

23. What do you call when two water streams join?

Answer: Confluence

24. Which river flows through the rainforest in brazil?

Answer:Amazon

25. What led to the formation of Oregon lake?

geography quiz for kids

Answer: Collapse of Mount Mazama

26. What do you call land with water on 3 sides?

Answer: Peninsula

27. Where are the Andes mountains located?

Answer: South America

28. What is the capital of Uruguay?

Answer: Montevideo

29. What is Belgium’s nickname?

Answer: Cockpit of Europe

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30. Ljubljana is the capital of which country?

Answer: Slovenia

31. Which hemisphere does Australia lie on?

Answer: Southern

32. From whom did the USA purchase Alaska from?

Answer: Russia

33. What is the name of the supercontinent that existed 200 million years ago?

Answer: Pangea

34. Tallest mountain in Great Britain

Answer: Ben Nevis

35. Which countries have pyramids older than egypt?

Answer: Sudan

36. Which is the largest rock in the world?

Answer: Mount Augustus

37. Which is the oldest city in the world?

Answer: Damascus, Syria

Easy Geography Questions for classes 4, 5 & 6

We can get into the more difficult questions now. These Geography questions are suitable for children around 9 year olds and 5th graders . This is the age they start to notice more about the structure of the world.

So be prepared by making use of our free gk questions and answers

48 Which is the most populous city in the United Kingdom which is also its capital city?

Answer: London

49. Which river forms part of the boundary between Mexico and the United States?

Answer: Rio Grande

50. Which country is also known as the Netherlands?

Answer: Holland

51. Which is the country with the most number of capital cities?

Answer: South Africa (3, Cape Town, Pretoria, Bloemfontein)

52. In which American city is the Golden Gate Bridge located?

Answer: San Francisco

53.  Which is the coldest place on Earth?

Answer: Antarctica

Geography quiz for kids

54. In which part of the river does the water flows the fastest?

Answer: Upper course

55. What is the capital city of Spain?

Answer: Madrid

56. In which country would you find Mount Kilimanjaro?

Answer: Tanzania

57. Which is the largest lake in the world?

Answer: Caspian Sea

58. What are horizontal and vertical imaginary lines around the earth called?

Answer: Latitudes and Longitudes

60. Ceylon is the former name of which country?

Answer: Sri Lanka

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61. Which is the largest US state in terms of population?

Answer: California

62. What is the official language of Brazil?

Answer: Portuguese

63. Which is the only country with a coastline on both the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf?

Answer: Saudi Arabia

64. What is the capital of Thailand?

Answer: Bangkok

65. Which is the smallest country in Asia by population?

Answer: The Maldives

66. At which height does a hill become a mountain?

Answer: 600 m

67. What do you call smaller rivers that flow into another river?

Answer: Tributaries (It doesn’t flow into the sea)

68. Which climate can reach 40o Celsius during the day and 0o Celsius at night?

Answer: Arid or Deserts

69. Which two continents does Russia belong to?

Answer: Europe and Asia

70. What is the currency used in Britain?

Answer: Pound sterling

71. Which is the smallest country in the world?

Answer: Vatican City

72. Which country is called the Land of Rising Sun?

Answer: Japan

73. Which European country shares its border with the most neighbors?

Answer: Germany (9)

74. What is the official currency of Vietnam?

Answer: Vietnamese Dong

75. Which country shares the same peninsula as Portugal?

Answer: Spain

76. Which country is Taj Mahal in?

Answer:India

77. Where does the Colorado river flow through?

Answer: Grand Canyon

geography quiz for kids (1)

78. What lies above mexico?

Answer: USA

79. What type of bridge is Tower Bridge, London?

Answer: Brascule

80. Which continent is Tasmania in?

Answer: Australia

81. What kind of boat goes through canals?

Answer: Barges

82. Eurostar train goes from Europe to _________?

Answer: St Pancras Station

83. Where do river Clyde flow through?

Answer: Glasgow

84. Which famous painting depicted Mount Fuji?

Answer: The Great Wave – Hokusai

85. Which country faces the threat of drowning due to global warming?

Answer: Maldives

86. Where is K2 mountain located?

Answer: Between China and Pakistan border

Fun Geography Quiz for classes 7 & 8

Children over 10 years old can crunch these questions with ease.

87. Which is the world’s biggest port?

Answer: Port of Shanghai

88. Which country is the leading egg producer in the world?

Answer: China

89. What are the key factors that determine the climate of an area?

Answer: Latitude, Altitude, and Rainfall

90. Which country was once known as Rhodesia?

Answer: Zimbabwe

91. What is the capital city of China?

Answer: Beijing

92. What is the official language of Australia?

Answer: English language

93. Which is the country with the least population?

Answer: Vatican City

94. Which city is also known as ‘The Eternal City’?

Answer: Rome

geography quiz for kids

95. In which country do you find the Yellow River, also known as Huang He?

Answer: China

96. Which South American country has land borders with ten other countries?

Answer: Brazil

97. How many countries are there in the world today?

Answer: 195 countries (Member states of the United Nations-193, Non-member observer states-2)

98. Which ocean lies between Europe and America?

Answer: Atlantic Ocean

99. Which country is the second biggest in the world?

Answer: Canada

100. What is the currency used in Japan?

Answer: Japanese Yen

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101. Which is the longest river in the world?

Answer: Nile

102. Which European country has a capital city called Bucharest?

Answer: Romania

103. Which is the largest volcano in the world?

Answer: The Mount Lao

104. Where is the biggest railway station in the world?

Answer: New York City (Grand Central Terminal)

105. Which is the only country through which both the equator and the Tropic of Capricorn pass?

Answer: Brazil

106. How many countries border Germany?

Answer: Nine (Denmark, Poland, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Austria, France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands)

107. In which continent is the world’s longest river, the Nile?

Answer: Africa

Which European country is closest to the continent of Africa?

Answer: Spain

108. What is the capital city of Germany?

Answer: Berlin

109. Which is the tallest building in the world?

Answer: Burj Khalifa in Dubai since 2008, 828-metre (2,717 ft)

110. Mount Everest lies in which mountain range?

Answer: The Himalayas

111. Which is the biggest country in Africa continent?

Answer: Algeria

112. What is the biggest latitude called?

Answer: Equator

113. Where can we find the longest border?

Answer: Between Canada and US

114. Yamuna is the tributary of?

Answer: Ganges river

115. Where is Mount Ararat located?

Answer: Turkey

Geography quiz for kids

116. What is Sydney harbor known for?

Answer: Largest steel arch bridge

117. What is the full form of LoC

Answer: Line of control

118. Which country has the greatest difference between its highest and lowest temperatures?

Answer: Russia

119. Where is the Blue Nile river located?

Answer: Ethiopia

120. How many time zones does India have?

Answer: Two

121. Where is the Rotterdam port located?

Answer: Europe

123. Where is the highest annual rainfall recorded?

Answer: Hawaii

124. Which is the largest city in ireland?

Answer: Dublin

125. Where is the longest vertical drop located?

Answer: Mt. Thor on Baffin Island

126. Which hemisphere does the majority of humans live in?

Answer: Northern (90%)

127. Which celestial body near us is wider than the australia?

Answer: The moon

Hard Geography Quiz for Classes 9 & 10

Now it’s time to get into the details and dwell into questions for high school and above.

128. Which English city did poet Matthew Arnold describe as ‘the city of dreaming spires’?

Answer: Oxford

129. Which device measures the speed of wind?

Answer: Anemometer

130. Which is the country with the most number of islands?

Answer: Sweden (221,800 islands)

131. Which is the second most populated country in the world?

Answer: India

132. What is the national currency of Malaysia?

Answer: Malaysian Ringgit

133. Addis Ababa is the capital city of which African country?

Answer: Ethiopia

134. What is the currency used in Singapore?

Answer: Singapore Dollar

135. Seven African countries begin with the letter M, Can you find and name all seven countries?

Answer: Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique

136. Which ocean lies between Africa and Australia and south of Asia?

Answer: Indian Ocean

137. Which country is the second largest in the world in terms of surface area?

Answer: Canada

138. In which country is the holy cities of Mecca and Medina located?

Answer: Saudi Arabia

139. Which is the country with the most number of borders?

Answer: China (14 countries- India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, North Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Bhutan and Nepal)

140. Where is the world’s longest sea crossing?

Answer: Hong Kong to Macau, China (55km)

141. Which is the world’s longest country from north to south?

Answer: Chile (2,647 miles long, spreads through 38 degrees of latitude)

142. Which are the countries that share open borders?

Answer: New Zealand and Australia

143. In which country does the River Nile meet the sea?

Answer: Egypt

144. Which is the longest river in Asia?

Answer: River Yangtze

145. What is the capital city of Malaysia?

Answer: Kuala Lumpur

146. Which are the only two countries to have a land border with the US?

Answer: Canada and Mexico

147. Which major oceans surround the continent of Africa?

Answer: the Indian Ocean and the South Atlantic Ocean

148. What is Earth’s approximate water vs. land coverage ratio?

Answer:  71 to 29

149. Which is the longest river in Europe?

Answer: Volga

150. Which is the happiest place on Earth to live?

Answer: Finland (balance of beauty and generosity, as per latest findings)

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151. Which day is celebrated as World Earth Day?

Answer: April 22

152. Which rainforest makes up around half of the world’s remaining rainforests?

Answer: The Amazon Rainforest

153. What do you call a study of weather?

Answer: Meteorology

154. Which city in United States has the nick name ‘The Big Apple’?

Answer: New York City

155. Which river rises in Peru, has no bridge crossing it and enters the sea in Brazil?

Answer: The Amazon

156. Which place receives the world’s highest annual average rainfall?

Answer: Mawsynram (Over 10,000 millimeters of rain in an average year)

157. Which country has the longest coastline in the world?

Answer: Canada

158. What is the capital city of America?

Answer: Washington, D.C.

159. Which is the longest river in Asia?

Answer: Yangtze River

160. Europe and Africa are separated by which sea?

Answer: The Mediterranean

161. Which Italian city is famous for its canals?

Answer: Venice

162. Which national capital city is the closest to the equator?

Answer: Quito

163. Which countries share the longest border in the world?

Answer: Canada – United states

164. At what rate is the dead sea sinking?

Answer: 1 meter per year

165. Which is bigger: Mount Everest or Mariana Trench?

Answer: Mariana Trench

166. How many time zones does Russia have?

Answer: 11

167. Which country is part of all the hemispheres?

Answer: Africa

168. Which country produces the most rice?

Answer: Chine

169. Which lake is the largest in Africa?

Answer: Lake Victoria

170. Which country has the lowest population density?

Answer: Mongolia

171. Which country has the highest population density?

Answer: Monaco

172. When did Bangladesh get independence?

Answer: 1971

173. At what rate is the himalayas growing?

Answer: 1.5 cm every year

True or false: Geography Questions and Answers

174. It is illegal to fly over Taj Mahal

Answer: True

175. Which island has no connection to the modern world?

Answer: North Sentinel Island

176. How many islands are there in the philippines?

Answer: 7100+

177. How many countries does China touch?

Answer: 14

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Conclusion

These are a few among the mainly asked and discussed geography quiz questions in the field of geography.

Teachers and school authorities can have discussion forums and geography quiz competitions once in a while to help the students to stay prepared and updated in the subject.

Parents can also use their free time at home to help them take online geography quiz tests where they can test their knowledge base.

Good reading and research habits can help them to improve their base in the subject while they move up to higher classes.

The list of math symbols can be long. You can’t possibly learn all their meanings in one go, can you? You can make use of our tables to get a hold on all the important ones you’ll ever need. This is an introduction to the name of symbols, their use, and meaning.

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The Mathematical symbol is used to denote a function or to signify the relationship between numbers and variables. There are many symbols that you might not know the meaning of.

This will help you in improving your algebra skills.

Numbers and symbols form the very basis of mathematics. Math symbols can denote the relationship between two numbers or quantities.

We have ordered the symbols in order of importance for you.

You can also download the ones according to your need.

Table of Content


1. Basic Math Symbols

These are all the mathematical symbols needed to do basic as well as complex algebraic calculations.

list of Math symbols and their meaning:

Symbol
Name
Meaning
Example
= Equal to Equality 1+2=3

X=5

Not Equal to Inequality X≠5

3+1≠6

Approximately equal to To approximate xy
Strict inequality Greater than 7>1
Strict inequality Lesser than 3<8
Inequality greater than or equal to 3 ≥ 1

x ≥ 6

inequality less than or equal to 5 ≤ 5

y≤8

( ) parentheses calculate expression inside first 3 × (9-2) = 21
[ ] brackets calculate expression inside first [(2+3)×(2+6)] = 40
+ plus addition 4+1=5
minus subtraction 4-1=3
± plus – minus both plus and minus operations 4 ± 6 = 10 or -2
± minus – plus both minus and plus operations 5 ∓ 7 = -2 or 10
* asterisk multiplication 3 * 4 = 12
× times sign multiplication 5×1=5
÷ division sign / obelus division 15 ÷ 5 = 3
. multiplication dot multiplication 2 ∙ 3 = 6
horizontal line division / fraction 8/2 = 4
/ division slash division 6 ⁄ 2 = 3
mod modulo remainder calculation 7 mod 3 = 1
ab power exponent 24 = 16
. period decimal point, decimal separator 4.36 = 4 +36/100
√a square root √a · √a = a √9 = ±3
a^b caret exponent 2 ^ 3 = 8
4√a fourth root 4√a ·4√a · 4√a · 4√a = a 4√16= ± 2
% percent 1% = 1/100 10% × 30 = 3
n√a n-th root (radical) n√a · n√a · · · n times = a for n=3, n√8 = 2
% percent 1% = 1/100 10% × 30 = 3
Per mile 1‰ = 1/1000 = 0.1% 10‰ × 30 = 0.3
ppt per-trillion 1ppt = 10-12 10ppt × 30 = 3×10-10
ppb per-billion 1 ppb = 1/1000000000 10 ppb × 30 = 3×10-7

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2. Geometry

Geometry is the study of shapes and angles. These symbols are used to express shapes in formula mode. You can study the terms all down below.

You might be familiar with shapes and the units of measurements. When starting out with Geometry you should learn how to measure angles and the length of various shapes.

math symbols

You can use this image to put the below math symbols into context

 

Symbol

 

Name

 

Meaning

 

Example

Angle

 

Used to denote a corner of shape ∠ACB of a triangle

 

 

 

Measured Angle Used to express the value of an angle ∡ACB is 45°

 

 

 

Right Angle Symbol used instead of ∠ when the angle is 90° ∟ABC is 90°

 

° Degree symbol Measure of angle 20°, 180°

 

prime

 

arcminute, 1° = 60′

 

α = 60°59′

 

 

double prime

 

arcsecond, 1′ = 60″

 

α = 60°59′59″

 

math symbols Infinite line The line extends at both sides infinitely math symbols
math symbols Line segment A line from point a to point b math symbols
ray A line that starts from a point and keeps on going
Arc Arc from point A to B

 

perpendicular

 

Lines that are 90 degree from a line  ⊥

 

 

parallel

 

Lines that are parallel to each other

 

 ∥

 

 

congruent to

 

Denotes that the shape and size of one is equal to another ∆ABC≅ ∆XYZ

 

~

 

Similar to Similarity by shape but not size ∆ABC~ ∆XYZ

 

Δ

 

Triangle triangle shape

 

ΔABC~ ΔBCD

 

|xy|

 

distance Distance between two points | xy | = 3

 

π

 

pi Ratio between circumference and diameter C=2 . π . r

 

‘Rad’ or ‘c’

 

radians

 

radians angle unit

 

360° = 2π rad or 360° = 2π c

 

 

‘Grad’ or ‘g’

 

gradians / gons

 

grads angle unit

 

360° = 400 grad

Or 360° = 400 g

 

3. Set Theory

A set is a collection of objects or elements. We can use a set function to find out the relationships between sets. These functions are stated in the table below.

Here is the proper set of math symbols and notations. You should pay attention because these symbols are easy to mix up. Especially ones like intersection and union symbols.

Symbol Name Meaning Example
{} set The symbol that encapsulates the numbers of a set A = {3,7,9,14},
B = {9,12,38}

 

intersection objects that are common to two sets

 

A ∩ B = {9,14}

 

 

union Objects of two sets A ∪ B = {3,7,9,14,28}

 

 

subset The contents of one set is derived from another {9,14,28} ⊆ {9,14,28}

 

 

proper subset / strict subset

 

A is a subset of B, but A is not equal to B.

 

{9,14} ⊂ {9,14,28}

 

 

not subset

 

set A is not a subset of set B

 

{9,66} ⊄ {9,14,28}

 

 

superset

 

A is a superset of B. set A includes set B

 

{9,14,28} ⊇ {9,14,28}

 

 

proper superset / strict superset

 

A is a superset of B, but B is not equal to A.

 

{9,14,28} ⊃ {9,14}

 

 

not superset

 

set A is not a superset of set B

 

{9,14,28} ⊅ {9,66}

 

‘2A’

Or ‘P(A)’

power set

 

all subsets of A

 

=

 

equality

 

both sets have the same members

 

A={3,9,14},
B={3,9,14},
A=B
Ac

 

complement

 

all the objects that do not belong to set A

 

‘A \ B’ or ‘A – B’

 

relative complement

 

objects that belong to A and not to B

 

A = {3,9,14},
B = {1,2,3},
A-B = {9,14}
‘A ∆ B’ or ‘A ⊖ B’

 

symmetric difference

 

objects that belong to A or B but not to their intersection

 

A = {3,9,14},
B = {1,2,3},
A ∆ B = {1,2,9,14}
a∈A

 

 

Elements belongs to Element of ‘a’ belong to ‘A’ A={3,9,14}, 3 ∈ A

 

x∉A

 

not element of

 

no set membership

 

A={3,9,14}, 1 ∉ A

 

(a,b)

 

ordered pair

 

collection of 2 elements

 

A×B

 

cartesian product

 

set of all ordered pairs from A and B

 

‘|A|’ or ‘#A’

 

cardinality

 

the number of elements of set A

 

A={3,9,14}, |A|=3

 

|

 

bar Such that A={x|3<x<14}

 

Ø

 

Empty set A without any elements C= Ø

 

U Universal set Set that has all possible elements
N0 and N1 Set of Natural numbers Set of natural numbers starting from 0 or 1  

0 = {0,1,2,3,4,…}

 

1 = {1,2,3,4,5,…}

 

 

Z Integer set Set of integer values  

= {…-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,…}

 

Q rational numbers set

 

= {x | x=a/b, a,b∈}

 

2/6 ∈ Q

 

R real numbers set

 

= {x | -∞ < x <∞}

 

6.343434∈ R

 

C complex numbers set

 

= {z | z=a+bi, -∞<a<∞,      -∞<b<∞}
6+2i ∈ C

 

“Download Set Symbols absolutely free”

4. Calculus and Integration

Calculus helps us understand how the values in a function change. It is a very important concept in math.

For example, calculus can be used to predict the rate of which Covid 19 is spreading. The various values like the number of infected, the number of vulnerable people can be applied to calculus.

Calculus can be a nightmare for you if not studied properly. The calculus and precalculus symbols should be studied in order. From integration to derivation.

Symbol Symbol Name Meaning / definition Example
limit limit value of a function
ε epsilon represents a very small number, near zero ε → 0
e e constant / Euler’s number e = 2.718281828… e = lim (1+1/x)x , x→∞
y derivative derivative – Lagrange’s notation (3x3)’ = 9x2
y second derivative derivative of derivative (3x3)” = 18x
y(n) nth derivative n times derivation (3x3)(3) = 18
math symbols derivative derivative – Leibniz’s notation d(3x3)/dx = 9x2
math symbols second derivative derivative of derivative d2(3x3)/dx2 = 18x
nth derivative n times derivation
time derivative derivative by time – Newton’s notation
time second derivative derivative of derivative
Dx y derivative derivative – Euler’s notation
Dx2y second derivative derivative of derivative
math symbols partial derivative ∂(x2+y2)/∂x = 2x
integral opposite to derivation f(x)dx
∫∫ double integral integration of function of 2 variables ∫∫ f(x,y)dxdy
∫∫∫ triple integral integration of function of 3 variables ∫∫∫ f(x,y,z)dxdydz
closed contour / line integral
closed surface integral
closed volume integral
[a,b] closed interval [a,b] = {x | a x b}
(a,b) open interval (a,b) = {x | a < x < b}
i imaginary unit i ≡ √-1 z = 3 + 2i
z* complex conjugate z = a+biz*=abi z* = 3 – 2i
z complex conjugate z = a+biz = abi z = 3 – 2i
Re(z) real part of a complex number z = a+bi → Re(z)=a Re(3 – 2i) = 3
Im(z) imaginary part of a complex number z = a+bi → Im(z)=b Im(3 – 2i) = -2
| z | absolute value/magnitude of a complex number |z| = |a+bi| = √(a2+b2) |3 – 2i| = √13
arg(z) argument of a complex number The angle of the radius in the complex plane arg(3 + 2i) = 33.7°
nabla / del gradient / divergence operator f (x,y,z)
math symbols vector
math symbols unit vector
x * y convolution y(t) = x(t) * h(t)
Laplace transform F(s) = {f (t)}
math symbols Fourier transform X(ω) = {f (t)}
δ delta function
lemniscate infinity symbol

Be sure to print our table to learn the various math symbols and functions easily.

Download Link
Conclusion

Mathematical symbols allow us to save a lot of time because they are abbreviations. Learning new symbols will allow you to learn more theories and concepts simultaneously.

Boost your Math skills with FREE Math Apps (Check it NOW)

Stick these tables in the classroom or send via Google Classroom so that children can easily get hold of these mathematical symbols.

Work Sheets For LKG 

LKG(Lower Kindergarten) worksheets are very useful for our little munchkins. In LKG classes kids will learn pieces of alphabets, numbers, identifying objects, and a lot more.

In kindergarten classes, kids learn through fun. They are taught playfully so that it becomes easier for them to understand.

One of the effective ways to teach little ones is through worksheets.

Free Classroom Activity Apps (Check it NOW)

Kindergarten worksheets help them to grasp the concept effectively.

In this blog, we are providing some worksheets for parents and teachers who are in search of free PDF downloadable worksheets for Lower Kindergarten (LKG) Students.

You can Download LKG worksheets for the given subjects:-

  • English
  • Math
  • Hindi
  • EVS

LKG Worksheets PDF -Subjects

Before moving on to LKG Worksheet, let’s have an overview of subjects:

Sl no
Subjects
1
Mathematics
2
English
3
Environmental Science
4
Hindi

(1) Maths Worksheets LKG Class PDF Download

  • Sample Mathematics Work Sheet

LKG-Maths-worksheet-1-page-001

Mathematics Worksheets are tabulated below:

Maths Worksheet for LKG-1     Download Here
Maths Worksheet for LKG-2     Download Here
Maths Worksheet for LKG-3     Download Here

Mathematics Worksheets will help your little ones to learn the following

  • Counting numbers
  • Identifying size and shapes
  • Sorting by shapes
  • Classifying shapes by colors
  • Identifying large and small
  • Coin value identification

(2) English Worksheets For LKG  PDF Download

  • Sample LKG English Work Sheet

ENGLISH-WORKSHEET 1-page-001

English Worksheets for LKG are tabulated below:

English  Worksheet for LKG-1     Download Here
English Worksheet for LKG-2     Download Here

Practicing English Worksheets will help your little ones to learn the following:

  • Learn alphabets
  • Practice handwriting
  • Letter sounds
  • Rhyming words
  • Objects related to letters

Also Read: General Knowledge For Kids(230+ Simple GK Questions and Answers)

(3) LKG EVS Worksheets PDF Download

  • Sample Worksheet of EVS

evs-worksheet-1-page-001

EVS & GK Worksheets are tabulated below:

EVS & GK  Worksheet for LKG-1     Download Here
EVS & GK Worksheet for LKG-2     Download Here

Practicing EVS & GK Worksheets will help students to learn the following:

  • Body parts
  • Wild & domestic animals
  • Seasons
  • Type of transport

(4) LKG Hindi PDF Worksheets

  • Sample Hindi Worksheet

hindi-worksheet-3-page-001

Hindi Worksheets are tabulated below:

Hindi  Worksheet for LKG-1     Download Here
Hindi Worksheet for LKG-2     Download Here
Hindi Worksheet for LKG-3     Download Here
Hindi Worksheet for LKG-4     Download Here

Solving Hindi Worksheets can help your little ones to learn the following:

  • Alphabets
  • Object related to letters
  • Letter sounds

Hope these downloadable and free printable PDF LKG worksheets will be very useful for parents and teachers alike. These worksheets can also benefit your little ones to get nurtured healthily.

Class Room Activity Apps

Let’s see the advantages of working on Worksheets

  • Help children to learn in an easy manner
  • Learning through fun
  • Students can learn foundational concepts in an innovative way
  • Help students to have a strong foundation for each subject
  • Some of the worksheets are easy for them to do it themselves. It can boost their self- confidence
  • Practicing a couple of worksheets can reduce mistakes and improve their speed and accuracy.

India, one of the most diverse nations in the world, is divided into 28 states and 8 union territories for administrative purposes.

The tradition, culture, art, language, and food vary from state to state and are unique to each region.

Access Here More Than 1000+ FREE Educational Apps

Table of Content


How Many States in India?

States and Capitals of India 2023

List of States and Capitals of India

States and Capitals of India Map

States and Union Territories: What You Should Know?

States and Capitals of India: UT Updates and Specialities

Interesting Facts about States and Capitals of India

States and Capitals of India

India, located in South Asia is the second-most populous country in the world with over 135 crores of people. It is one of the largely diverse countries across the globe that is divided into different states and union territories for governmental purposes.

A parliamentary form of government governs the country and is formally recognized as the Republic of India. The tradition, culture, art, language, and food vary from state to state and are unique to each region. Let us have a glimpse into some of the key details regarding the states and capitals of India.

How Many States are there in India?

As of July 2020, there are 28 states and 8 union territories in India.

The first formed Indian states were Bihar and Odisha (previously Orissa) on April 1, 1936. Since then, the central government went on adding many new states and Union Territories and sometimes merge them based on specific requirements. 

India is the seventh-largest country across the globe and managing everything from a single place is not feasible. So the Indian Constitution gives the power to the central government to form different states and union territories in the country.

States and Capitals of India 2023

All states and union territories have a legislative, administrative, and judicial capital. However, some states cover all functions under a single capital.

All the functions of the states are governed by an elected chief minister for a period of 5 years each. Ever since the first state was formed early in 1936, several changes have been made in terms of division of states and capitals and the formation of union territories.

Here let us have a look into the latest updates regarding the list of 28 states, union territories, and their capitals along with a lot of other new changes and interesting facts.

List of States and Capitals of India

Following the independence of India in 1947, states were divided into four lists like parts A, B, C, and D. The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 reorganized the states based on linguistic lines resulting in the creation of the new states.

According to 2020, here are the details of the 28 Indian States and their capitals along with the year in which they were founded and the official language.

SL no State Capital Founded on Official Language
1 Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad 1 Nov. 1956 Telugu
2 Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar 20 Feb. 1987 English
3 Assam Dispur 26 Jan. 1950 Assamese
4 Bihar Patna 26 Jan. 1950 Hindi
5 Chhattisgarh Raipur 1 Nov. 2000 Hindi
6 Goa Panaji 30 May. 1987 Konkani
7 Gujarat Gandhinagar 1 May. 1960 Gujarati
8 Haryana Chandigarh 1 Nov. 1966 Hindi
9 Himachal Pradesh Shimla 25 Jan. 1971 Hindi
10 Jharkhand Ranchi 15 Nov. 2000 Hindi
11 Karnataka
Bengaluru
1 Nov. 1956 Kannada
12 Kerala Thiruvananthapuram 1 Nov. 1956 Malayalam
13 Madhya Pradesh Bhopal 1 Nov. 1956 Hindi
14 Maharashtra Mumbai 1 May. 1960 Marathi
15 Manipur Imphal 21 Jan. 1972 Meitei
16 Meghalaya Shillong 21 Jan. 1972 English
17 Mizoram Aizawl 20 Feb. 1987 Mizo, English & Hindi
18 Nagaland Kohima 1 Dec. 1963 English
19 Odisha Bhubaneswar 26 Jan. 1950 Odia
20 Punjab Chandigarh 1 Nov. 1956 Punjabi
21 Rajasthan Jaipur 1 Nov. 1956 Hindi
22 Sikkim Gangtok 16 May. 1975 English
23 Tamil Nadu Chennai 26 Jan. 1950 Tamil
24 Telangana Hyderabad 2 Jun. 2014 Telugu
25 Tripura Agartala 21 Jan. 1972 Bengali, English and Kokborok
26 Uttar Pradesh Lucknow 26 Jan. 1950 Hindi
27 Uttarakhand Dehradun 9 Nov. 2000 Hindi
28 West Bengal Kolkata 1 Nov. 1956 Bengali

1. ANDHRA PRADESH

states of india
  • Capital – Hyderabad
  • Language – Telegu
  • Area – 160,205 km2
  • Dance – Kuchipudi
  • Mammal – Blackbuck
  • Tree – Neem
  • Flower – Jasmine

Andhra Pradesh is located on the southeastern coast of India. The state is into mining activities and industry in addition to agriculture.

Visakhapatnam, a major port, is situated on the coast lining the Bay of Bengal. It is well known for the revered temple Tirupathi, beautiful handloom weaves and the dance Kuchipudi.

2. ARUNACHAL PRADESH

states of india
  • Capital – Itanagar
  • Language – English
  • Area – 83,743 km2
  • Dance – Aji Lamu, Chalo, Hiirii Khaniing, Popir, Ponung, Pasi Kongki, Rekham Pada, Roppi, Lion and Peacock dance
  • Population – 1,382,611
  • Mammal – Bos Frontalis
  • Tree – Hollong
  • Flower – Foxtail Orchid

Arunachal Pradesh is the northeastern state of the country having borders with Bhutan in the west and Myanmar in the east. The McMahon line in the north separates the state from China.

The state is habited by tribes and ethnic groups who speak about 50 languages and dialects. The mountains, lakes, passes, meadows and forests make the state a beautiful one. 

3. ASSAM

states of india
  • Capital –Dispur 
  • Language – Assamese
  • Area – 78,438 km2
  • Population – 31,169,272
  • Dance – Bihu dance
  • Mammal – One horned rhinoceros
  • Tree – Dipterocarpus, macrocarpus
  • Flower -Rhynchostylis retusa

Assam is located in the northeast of India sharing international borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh. Woodlands and grasslands cover the land area. Rice is a major crop for the agriculture-based economy. Assam is the highest producer of tea in the country.

Kaziranga National Park and the Manas wildlife sanctuary is the abode to rhinoceroses, tigers and leopards.

 4. Bihar

states of india
  • Capital – Patna
  • Language – Hindi
  • Population – 103,804,637
  • Area – 94,163 km2 
  • Dance – Jat-Jatin 
  • Mammal – Gaur
  • Tree – Sacred fig
  • Flower -Bauhinia variegata

Bihar is a state in East India bordered by Nepal in the north. It was the center of civilization and culture for centuries. Bihar is considered to be a land where Buddha lived and is associated with Buddhism and Jainism.

With agriculture being the basis, rice is the predominant crop. Wheat, barley, pulses, jute, sugarcane and vegetables and fruits are grown extensively.

5. CHHATTISGARH

states of india
  • Capital – Raipur
  • Language – Chhattisgarhi
  • Population –2.55 crores
  • Area -135,191 km2
  • Dance – Panthi
  • Mammal – Wild Asian Buffalo
  • Tree – Sal
  • Flower – Lady’s Slipper
     

Chattisgarh, situated in Central India, has a rich cultural heritage. The state has monuments, carved temples, rock paintings, Buddhist temples, tiger reserves and wildlife sanctuaries.

Agriculture, mining and energy production is the basis of the economy. The state produces the bulk of tendu leaves for making bidis.

6. GOA

states of india
  • Capital – Panaji
  • Language – Konkani
  • Population – 1,458,545
  • Area – 3,702 km2
  • Dance – Fugdi
  • Mammal – Gaur
  • Tree – Terminalia elliptica
  • Flower – Jasmine

Goa is one of the smallest states in India on the west coast of India. Goa is famous for the Portuguese heritage, its beaches and the sumptuous Goan food.

Rice and coconut are the staple produce. Mining of iron ore, bauxite and manganese have been in prevalence.

7. GUJARAT

states of india
  • Capital – Gandhinagar
  • Language – Gujarati language
  • Population – 6.27 crores
  • Area – 196,024 km²
  • Dance – Garba
  • Mammal – Asiatic Lion
  • Tree – Banyan
  • Flower – Marigold

Gujarat is on India’s western coast bounded by Pakistan in the north-west. The salt deserts of Kucch, semi arid scrublands of Kathiawar, hills of Girnar form a varied landscape.

Mahatma Gandhi built his Sabarmati Ashram here. The state houses architectural marvels and rich culture and heritage.

8. HARYANA

states of india
  • Capital – Chandigarh
  • Language – Hindi
  • Population – 2.54 Crores
  • Area – 44,212 km²
  • Dance – Ghoomar
  • Mammal – Blackbuck
  • Tree – Sacred Fig
  • Flower – Nelumbo Nucifera

Haryana lies in the north of India. The economy of the state centers on agriculture producing large quantities of rice and wheat. Cotton, potatoes and lentils are also grown. The population holds vibrant and colorful celebrations of festivals and arts.

9. HIMACHAL PRADESH

states of india
    • Capital – Shimla
    • Language – Hindi
    • Population – 68.6 lakhs
    • Area – 55,673 km²
    • Dance – Nati
    • Mammal – Snow leopard
    • Tree – Deodar cedar
    • Flower -Rhododendron campanulatum

Himachal Pradesh lies in north India, on the foothills of the Himalayas. Livelihood depends on agriculture, horticulture and seasonal herding.

Also Read: Top 12 Longest and Major Rivers of India

The state is abundant with the natural beauty of snow-clad mountains, valleys and streams. The beautiful hill stations of Kulu, Manali, Chamba, Dalhousie, Dharamshala attract tourists.

10. JHARKHAND

states of india
  • Capital – Ranchi
  • Language – Bengali 
  • Population – 3.19 crores
  • Area – 79,714 km²
  • Dance – Paika
  • Mammal – Elephant
  • Tree – Sal Tree
  • Flower – Sacred Tree

Jharkhand in eastern India was formerly a part of Bihar. The state has a diverse culture and tribal presence. The mineral-rich state has a concentration of heavy industries in Jamshedpur, Dhanbad, Bokaro and Ranchi. Agriculture is a mainstay of the state.

The state has dense forests, hills, holy places, waterfalls and wildlife parks which are tourist attractions.

11. KARNATAKA

states of india
  • Capital – Bengaluru
  • Language – Kannada
  • Population – 6.41 crores
  • Area – 191,791 km²
  • Dance – Dollu Kunitha
  • Mammal – Elephant
  • Tree – Indian sandalwood
  • Flower – Nymphaea nelumbo

Karnataka is in southwest India lying along the Arabian Sea coastline. The palaces of Mysore and the medieval architecture of Hampi, the capital of Vijayanagar Empire makes the state historically rich.

The mountains, farmlands and the long coastline with beautiful beaches outline Karnataka’s varied landscape. Agriculture, dairy and horticulture earn the major revenue for the state.

12. KERALA

states of india
  • Capital – Thiruvananthapuram
  • Language – Malayalam
  • Population – 3.48 crores
  • Area – 38,863 km²
  • Dance – Kathakali
  • Mammal – Asian Elephant
  • Tree – cocunut
  • Flower -Golden Shower Tree

Kerala is a state on the southern-most tip of India abundant in scenic beauty.

The Arabian Sea shoreline offers beaches and backwaters. The mountains of the Western Ghats houses national wildlife parks and hill stations.

Also Read: 24 Most Popular National Festivals of India

In an agriculture-based economy the cash crops are rubber, coffee and tea. Cardamom, cashew, coconut and pepper fetch high revenues.

13. MADHYA PRADESH

states of india
  • Capital – Bhopal
  • Language – Hindi
  • Population – 7.33 crores
  • Area – 308,252 km²
  • Dance – Maanch dance
  • Mammal – barasingha
  • Tree – Banyan
  • Flower – Sacred Tree

Located in the center of India, Madhya Pradesh is the largest state in India with no coastline or international borders. The topography consists of low hills, plateaus and river valleys. Agriculture is the basis of the economy. Fertile valleys rich in alluvium are cultivated here.

Hindu and Jain temples of Khajuraho, national parks and Bengal tiger sanctuaries are the main tourist attractions in the state.

14. MAHARASHTRA

states of india
  • Capital – Mumbai
  • Language – Marathi
  • Population – 112,372,972
  • Area – 307,713 km2
  • Dance – Marathi
  • Mammal – Indian giant squirrel
  • Tree – Mango Tree
  • Flower – Jarul

Maharashtra is on the west coast of India and occupies a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau.

This state is India’s biggest industrial and commercial, manufacturing, finance and administration hub.  Mumbai is the most important port in handling foreign trade.

Mumbai is a very vibrant city with a multi-cultural population of diverse religions.

Gateway of India and the elephant caves of the British raj era are now tourist destinations.

15. MANIPUR

states of india
  • Capital – Imphal
  • Language – Meitei
  • Population – 2,855,794
  • Area – 22,327 km2
  • Dance – Marathi
  • Mammal – Sangai
  • Tree – Shirui lily
  • Flower – Uningthou

Manipur is in north-eastern India. Agriculture and forestry form the basic income source. There are cottage industries in silk production and bamboo crafts.

The exotic landscapes, green valleys, hills, lakes and forests are attractions to tourists. The only floating park in the world, the Kelbul Lamjao National Park is in Manipur.

16. MEGHALAYA

  • Capital – Shillong
  • Language – Khasi, Pnar and Garo with English
  • Population- 26.5 lakh
  • Area – 22,720 km²
  • Dance- shad nongkrem
  • Mammal – elephants, bear, red pandas
  • Tree – Dieng-lophiang (Khasi).
  • Flower – Paphiopedilum insigne

Meghalaya in the north-east of India is a hilly state with high rainfall, subtropical forests and biodiversity.

Chirapunji which receives the maximum rainfall in the world is in Meghalaya.

Meghalaya is dependent on agriculture and forestry. Rice, maize, potatoes, pineapple, papaya and bananas are the main constituents of agricultural produce.

17. MIZORAM

  • Capital – Aizawl
  • Language – Mizo ṭawng
  • Population-11.2 lakhs
  • Area – 21,081 km²
  • Dance – Sarlamkai
  • Mammal – red serow
  • Tree – Mesua ferrea
  • Flower – Renanthera imschootiana

Mizoram is situated in north-west India having international borders with Burma and Bangladesh.

More than three-fourths of the land area is covered with forests that provide habitats for animal life. Agriculture is the mainstay of the state.

The moderate climate, even in summer, makes the high hills and peaceful surroundings excellent tourist destinations.

18. NAGALAND

  • Capital – Kohima
  • Language – English
  • Population-22.8 lakhs
  • Area – 16,579 km²
  • Dance – War Danceand Zeliang Dance.
  • Mammal – Himalayan striped squirrel (Tamiops mcclellandii)
  • Tree – Alnus nepalensis
  • Flower – Rhododendron arboreum

Nagaland in the northwest of India is mountainous and shares an international border with Myanmar.

The capital city hosts museums and ancient weaponry as memorials to their trials in the Second World War. The main occupation of the populace is agriculture.

Nagaland is mainly inhabited by tribes who speak about 60 dialects. Their colorful costumes, spicy food, beautiful dances and festivals attract very many tourists all year round.

19. ODISHA

  • Capital – Bhubaneswar
  • Language – Odia
  • Population- 4.6 crores
  • Area – 155,707 km²
  • Dance – Odissi
  • Mammal – Sambar
  • Tree – Banyan Tree
  • Flower – Ashoka tree

Odisha is on the eastern side of India on the Bay of Bengal. Forests cover one-third of the land area.

Though most of the land is not suitable for cultivation, the predominant occupation is agriculture.

The temples of Bhubaneswar and Puri, the temple of Konark and long stretches of beaches are the major tourist attractions.

20. PUNJAB

  • Capital – Chandigarh
  • Language – Punjabi
  • Population-2.8 crores
  • Area – 50,362 km2
  • Dance – bhangra
  • Mammal – Blackbuck
  • Tree – Indian rosewood
  • Flower -Lilium Candidum

Punjab, in the west of India, is the heart of the Sikh community. Punjab is known as the land of five rivers, Ravi, Beas, Chenab, Sutlej, Jhelum, and this network of rivers irrigate the land.

Agriculture is the basis of the economy. Rice and wheat form the major share of the crop. Legumes and pulses, fruits, oilseeds, cotton and vegetables are also grown.

21. RAJASTHAN

  • Capital – Jaipur
  • Language – Marwari language
  • Population-6.89 CRORES
  • Area – 342,239 km²
  • Dance – Ghoomar
  • Mammal – Indian Gazelle (Chinkara), nilgai (Blue bull)
  • Tree – Jand
  • Flower – Tecomella

Rajasthan in northwestern India is the largest state in India.

The land has scrub vegetation and has scarce rainfall. Millets, wheat, barley, rice, lentils, cotton, and tobacco are grown.

The history of Rajasthan, the palaces, golden-sand deserts, handicrafts and cuisine are the major attractions.

22. SIKKIM

  • Capital – Gangtok
  • Language – Nepali
  • Population- 6.19 lakhs
  • Area – 7,096 km²
  • Dance – Mask Dance
  • Mammal – snow leopard, musk deer, Himalayan tahr
  • Tree – Rhododendron
  • Flower – Noble orchid

Sikkim, in the northeastern part of India, is the smallest state of India. Agriculture is the basis of the economy.

Vegetables and tea are grown. Sikkim is a major producer of cardamom.

India’s highest mountain peak, Kanchenjunga is in Sikkim. Sikkim is known for its scenic beauty of mountain peaks, glaciers, lakes and ancient monasteries.

23. TAMIL NADU

  • Capital – Chennai
  • Language – Tamil
  • Population-6.79 crores
  • Area – 130,060 km²
  • Dance – Karagattam
  • Mammal – Nilgiri tahr
  • Tree – Palmyrah 
  • Flower – Flame lily

Tamil Nadu is the southern states of India

The town of Kanyakumari, at India’s southernmost tip, is famed for the sunrise at the confluence of three seas.

With lots of culture and religious heritage to its credit Tamil Nadu provides a mixture of the old and the new.

Agriculture and fishing is their occupation. It does have a manufacturing sector for automobiles, agricultural equipment, railway coaches etc.

Also Read: 9 Union Territories and their Capitals of India

24. TELANGANA

  • Capital – Hyderabad
  • Language – Telugu
  • Population- 3.52 crores
  • Area – 112,077 km²
  • Dance – Perini Shivathandavam
  • Mammal – Spotted deer
  • Tree – Jammi Chettu 
  • Flower – Senna auriculata

Telangana is the newest state in south India comprising of ten districts of Andhra Pradesh.

The Charminar, Golconda Fort and Laad Bazar portray the history of the place.

The rivers Krishna and Godavari provide irrigation to the predominantly agriculture-based economy.

The industrial sector manufacturing electrical equipment and machine tools, pharmaceuticals have recently boosted the economy.

25. TRIPURA

  • Capital – Agartala
  • Language – Bengali
  • Population- 36.6 lakhs
  • Area – 10,492 km²
  • Dance – Vasant
  • Mammal – elephant, sloth bear, Indian wolf
  • Tree – Agar (Aquilaria malaccensis)
  • Flower – Mesua ferrea

Tripura situated in north-east India is a land-locked state at the foothills of the Himalayas.

It is bordered by Bangladesh on three sides. Half the land area is covered by forests and is inhabited by animals and visited by migratory birds.

Rice is the major crop grown throughout the state. History, tradition, mountains, and forests beckon visitors to the state.

26. UTTAR PRADESH

  • Capital – Lucknow
  • Language – Hindi
  • Population- 20.42 crores
  • Area – 243,286 km²
  • Dance – Charkula Dance
  • Mammal – Barasingha
  • Tree – Ashok
  • Flower – Brahm Kamal

Uttar Pradesh in North India is the most populous state in the country. Apart from the forests in the southern region, the terrain has mostly scrub vegetation.

Agriculture is the mainstay with rice, wheat, and sugarcane being the major crops.

The Taj Mahal, one of the wonders of the world, is at Agra. The cities of Varanasi and Prayaga, sacred to Hindus are in Uttar Pradesh.

27. UTTARAKHAND

  • Capital – Dehradun
  • Language – Hindi; Sanskrit
  • Population- 1.01 crores
  • Area – 53,483 km²
  • Dance – Chhollyia Folk Dance
  • Mammal – Tiger, Deer, Sloth bear
  • Tree – Burans
  • Flower – Saussurea obvallata

Uttarakhand is a state in Northern India nestled in the lap of Himalayas.

The state has international borders with Tibet and Nepal.  The population depends on agriculture for their livelihood.

The popular tourist destinations, hill stations at Mussoorie, Nainital, Dehradun and pilgrimage centers at Rishikesh, Haridwar, Kedarnath, Badrinath are all located in this picturesque state.

The world-famous Kumbh Mela is held at Haridwar every 12 years.

28. WEST BENGAL

states of india
  • Capital – Kolkata
  • Language – Bengali.
  • Population- 9.03 crores
  • Area – 88,752
  • Dance – Chhau Dance
  • Mammal – Fishing cat
  • Tree – Chatian
  • Flower – Shephali

West Bengal lies to the east of India between the Himalayas and the Bay of Bengal.

The topography includes forests and mangroves of the Sundarbans. Agriculture based economy produces a significant quantity of rice along with jute, sugarcane, and oilseeds.

The tea produced in the hills of Darjeeling is of high quality.

The capital city’s landmark buildings and the Victoria Memorial remain as remnants of the past as the headquarters of the East India Company and capital of British Raj.

Indian States: Union Territories and Capitals

The union territories are usually federal territories governed directly by the central government of India.

The key reasons behind their creation include small population & land size, administrative importance, protection of indigenous cultures, and strategic locations.

 According to July 2020, here are the details of the 8 Union Territories and their capitals along with the year in which they were founded.

Union Territories Names

Capital

Founded on

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Port Blair

1 Nov. 1956

Chandigarh

Chandigarh

1 Nov. 1966

Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu

Daman

26 Jan. 2020

Delhi

New Delhi

9 May. 1905

Jammu and Kashmir

Srinagar (Summer)
Jammu (Winter)

31 Oct 2019

Lakshadweep

Kavaratti

1 Nov. 1956

Puducherry

Pondicherry

1 Nov. 1954

Ladakh

Leh

31 Oct 2019

States and Capitals of India Map

The following states and capitals of India map will give a clear idea about the geographical distribution of the Indian states as well as the state and international boundaries.

states and capitals of india Map

States and Union Territories: What You Should Know?

As we have discussed earlier, India is divided into different states and union territories for administrative convenience.

Each union territory and state has a capital of its own. However, there are some key differences in the way they function. Let us have a look. 

State

Union Territories

Executive Head is the Governor

 

Executive Head is the President

 

 The state comprises administrative units and each of them with separate elected government.

Central Government administers and controls Union Territories which are constituent units

People elects a Chief Minister for administration

President appoints an administrator for administration (Jammu & Kashmir, Puducherry and Delhi are exceptions)

 

The relationship with the Centre is Federal.

Unitary with the Centre. i.e. all the powers rests in the hands of Union.

Chief Minister is the real head.

Lieutenant is the real head.

States and Capitals of India: UT Updates and Specialities

There are a few new updates on Union Territories as of July 2020. Also Delhi, Puducherry, J& K are not similar to other Union Territories. Let us take a glance into the important details:

  • The number of Union Territories in India has come down to 8 followed by the merging of Daman and Diu, and Dadra and Nagar Haveli.
  • As per the latest proceedings, the U.T Daman and Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli are now a single union territory. This new update is in effect since 26th January 2020.
  • A special status was specified for Jammu and Kashmir under Article 370 but lately, the central government has declared its abrogation. Following, there was a partition into 2 Union Territories i.e. UTs of Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir.
  • An amendment to the Constitution has granted partial statehood for these states and has their elected Chief Minister and members.
  • These 3 union territories operate like states and possess their own legislative assembly and executive council.

Interesting Facts about States and Capitals of India

Here are some interesting facts about the states and capitals of India that every kid should know.

  • Capital of India is New Delhi and the states and territories of the country are further subdivided into districts
  • The territorial high courts are located in a judicial capital.
  • A legislative capital of the state is where the state assembly convenes
  • All the offices of the executive government are situated in an administrative capital.
  • In the states, the Governor, as the representative of the President, is the head of Executive.
  • The first Indian state which was created based on a linguistic basis before independence is Odisha and the one after independence is Andhra Pradesh.
  • In 1960, Maharashtra and Gujarat were formed as two separate states from the Indian state of Bombay.
  • Chennai, capital of Tamilnadu was once a no man’s land in 1639 but now a major business, industrial and cultural center
  • Capital of Kerala, Trivandrum is a clean town formed over 7 hills, which is also famous as Thiru-Anantha-Puram, which represents the ideology, ‘the town of Lord Anantha’
  • Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan was the first planned city of India. Due to its pink colored buildings, it is popularly known as the ‘Pink City of Rajasthan’.
  • In 1948, Bhubaneswar replaced Cuttack as the capital of Odisha. It is also known as the ‘temple city of India’.
  • Bhopal, the capital of Madhya Pradesh is known for its various natural as well as artificial lakes. So it is also known as the ‘city of lakes’.
  • Bengaluru, the capital of Karnataka is the nation’s leading information technology (IT), exporter. So it is also known as the ‘Silicon Valley of India’.
  • Uttar Pradesh is the Indian state which shares the maximum number of borders with other states
  • The largest Indian state by area is Rajasthan and the smallest is Goa
  • The state which was earlier the summer capital of British India is Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.
  • The Indian state that has the maximum number of districts is Uttar Pradesh with 75 districts.
  • The Indian state that has the lowest number of districts is Goa with 2 districts.
  • Uttarakhand and Jammu and Kashmir have two separate capitals for summer and winter seasons.
  • Chandigarh is the capital of two states Punjab and Haryana. It is also regarded as a union territory.
  • The Indian states Nagaland, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh and Goa were earlier union territories.
  • Before its formation as an individual state, Kerala was State of Travancore and Cochin, Andhra was part of Madras, Haryana was part of Punjab, Uttarakhand was part of Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh was part of Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand was part of Bihar, Telangana was part of Andhra Pradesh and Meghalaya was an autonomous state within state of Assam.

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Hope this blog gives a great idea about the states and capitals of India. Parents and teachers can brief kids about these interesting facts about the peculiarity of the nation and invoke their interest to explore more about the subject when they go up higher classes.

Have you ever wondered why there is so much popularity for the ‘solar system for kids’ projects? Unlike other topics, kids would love to know more about its formation and other interesting facts that connect them to nature.

Table of Content

The solar system or a planetary system was formed about 4.7 billion years ago. The system is mainly composed of the sun and the eight planets that travel around it.

Even when it appears as empty space from a distant view, close observation can find countless asteroids, comets, and a lot of small icy objects.

Interestingly, this solar system is just a small portion of a huge arena of stars, the Milky Way galaxy and it orbits around the galaxy just once in 225 million years. And this galaxy is just one among the many billions of galaxies that form the Universe.

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Planets of Solar System

No kid needs an introduction for the sun, as this home star is an integral part of our daily life. However, they will be surprised to know that it is just one among 200 billion other stars in the Milky Way.

Now let us have a look at the eight solar system planets that orbit around the sun.

(1) Mercury

Mercury -solar system for kids

This is the closest planet to the sun which is also the fastest among the planets. It can travel through space with 31 miles per second/ 50km per second.

The width is just as same as the Atlantic Ocean. Interestingly, about 18 Mercury planets can fit into the Earth.

(2) Venus

solar system for kids venus

Next in the line is Venus which is also popular as evening or morning star.

Interestingly, its composition causes light to reflect off the surface. That is another reason why it is the brightest during the night sky just after the moon.

It comprises craters, volcanoes, and mountain ranges and is the hottest among the planets.

(3) Earth

solar system for kids earth

Then we have the fifth largest planet of all which features Moon, a large natural satellite. This is the only planet where the presence of life is found as of now. Interestingly, about 70% of Earth is composed of water.

(4) Marssolar system for kids mars

This is the second smallest planet of the solar system which scientists believe to be a future human habitat. However, huge dust storm covers the planet and is very dry and cold. It features a Volcano called Olympus Mons and Mount Everest is almost three times smaller to it.

(5) Jupiter

solar system for kids Jupiter

This is the largest planet of the solar system. It features a ‘Great Red Spot’ which is an indication of a storm that is blowing for 350 years or more. The largest moons of the whole system are also found in Jupiter which includes Europa.

(6) Saturn

solar system for kids saturn

It is also a gas giant that lies on a small rocky surface. It is famous for its rings which is very clear, unlike other gas giants. Titan is the moon of the planet which is the second biggest in the solar system.

(7) Uranus

solar system for kids uranus

It is the second furthest when it comes to distance from the sun. This also means that it has to travel almost 84 years to orbit once around.

It is bluish in color due to the presence of gas. Interestingly, it takes 21 years for winter and summer at the south and north poles.

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(8) Neptune

solar system for kids neptune

It also composes of same gases in the atmosphere like that of Uranus. This makes it deep blue in color. It is the farthest planet from the sun and takes almost 165 years to go once around it.

How to Draw the Solar System for Kids? (Solar System Drawing for Kids)

Drawing a solar system for kids is a lot easy than it actually looks if you follow a simple step by step procedure. Let us see.

  • First of all, draw the Sun on the leftmost side of the page. See that you draw a larger circle to represent its large size but leave enough space on the right side to draw the planets. You may simply draw it freehand or use a compass to form a perfect circle. Shade it with red, yellow, or orange to indicate its hot gases.
  • Draw a small circle to the right of the sun to denote Mercury. Make sure that it is the smallest among the circles you are about to draw as it is the smallest planet in the solar system. Shade it with dark grey as an implication of its solid outer crust.
  • Now draw a larger circle than what you drew for Mercury to represent Venus. Shade it with brown and yellow colors to denote its surface with clouds of sulphur dioxide.
  • Fourth in the list is Earth which is more or less similar in size of Venus but only slightly bigger. So draw a slightly larger circle than Venus. Shade it with blue for oceans, green for continents, and some white space to indicate the atmosphere.
  • Now it is the turn to draw the second smallest planet of the solar system. So draw a circle for Mars which is smaller than Earth and Venus but slightly larger than Mercury. Then shade it with red and brown colors to denote the iron oxide that covers its surface.
  • Now draw Jupiter to the right of Mars which is the largest among the planets and so draw the largest circle. But see that it is smaller than the circle for Sun as it is almost 10 times bigger. Shade it with red, orange, yellow, and brown to show the diverse chemicals in its atmosphere.
  • Draw another circle right to Jupiter to represent the second largest planet, Saturn. So the circle should be smaller than Jupiter but bigger than other planets. Also draw some rings for the circle and shade everything with yellow, gray, brown, and orange.
  • Now draw a circle to the right of Saturn which should be the third largest circle among the planets, for Uranus. Shade it with light blue color to represent its composition of ice.
  • Then draw the final circle right to Uranus to represent Neptune which is the fourth largest among the planets. So the circle should be smaller than Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus but bigger than other planets. Its atmosphere contains methane which can be represented in a dark blue color.
  • The final step of solar system drawing is to sketch the orbital path for each planet to represent the fact that all of the orbits around the sun. Make sure that a curved path should be drawn from the top and bottom of all circles that represent planets. As each planet travels around the sun, these paths need to be extended off the edge of the page and towards the Sun. Special care should be needed to see that orbital paths are not intersecting with each other.
Also Read:

Solar System Images for Kids (Free Solar System Printables)

Our solar system is always a world of fantasy for kids and they can easily connect with them through fun. Teachers always use some creative solar system pictures to teach them about its composition without giving the actual feel of learning.

  • Image 1

Solar System Images for Kids (Free Solar System Printables)

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  • Image 2

Solar System Images for Kids (Free Solar System Printables) (2)

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  • Image 3

Solar System Images for Kids (Free Solar System Printables) (3)

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Facts about Solar System For Kids

There are lots of interesting facts that are connected with the solar system. Some of them are really informative and helps to connect with other subject areas while there are some fun facts too. Let us have a look at some key solar system facts.

  • The existence of the Solar System was unaware for many thousands of years and humans supposed that Earth lies at the centre of the Universe.
  • Neptune was the latest planet to be discovered
  • The asteroid belt that can be located between the orbits features a huge number of unevenly shaped asteroids.
  • There are 4 inner planets and 4 outer planets in our solar system.
  • The terrestrial planets or inner planets are smaller which are composed of rock and metal.
  • All of our planets are on the same “plane” and orbit in the same direction.
  • The gas giants or outer planets are much larger and are composed of hydrogen, helium and other gases
  • The Sun comprises 99.86 percent of the Solar System’s identified mass followed by Jupiter and Saturn.
  • With the latest available information, Earth is the only planet which is known to have oceans
  • Saturn’s ring comprises completely of water ice particles.
  • The heaviest and biggest planet in our solar system is Jupiter.
  • The lightest and smallest planet in our solar system is Mercury.
  • Venus is the brightest planet in our sky and is the closest to the Earth.
  • Venus is almost the same size as that of Earth but it is 10 times hotter.
  • Moons orbit around the planets and not the sun and almost all planets have moons.

Solar System Model for Kids

solar system model for kids

Parents and teachers can make a simple solar system model for kids at home or classroom with just a few items and some patience. A visual representation of the system will give kids a deeper understanding when studying about space. Involve kids also during this project so that they can easily compare the size of planets and see the way it rotates around sun.

Let us have a look at the items needed and the stepwise Procedure:
  • Take a 10-inch Styrofoam ball which can be used to represent the solar system base and 8 small Styrofoam balls of different sizes (5, 4, 3, 2 ½, 2, and 2 each of 1 ½ and 1 ¼ inch) to represent the planets.
  • In order to suspend the planets, take wooden dowels, coat hangers, or skewers. And take pipe cleaners, color paper, and Styrofoam sheet to set up rings for Saturn.
  • Keep the 10-inch ball aside and stick the skewer or similar stuff about half of all other balls.
  • Select balls of different sizes in the order (5, 1 ¼,1 ½, 1 ½, 4, 3, 2 ½, 2, 1 ¼, 4, 3, 2, 2 ½) to represent Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
  • Paint these balls with different colors to represent the planet’s surface. You can refer for color suggestions from the section “How to Draw Solar System for Kids?”
  • Set up Saturn’s famous rings using the color paper, extra Styrofoam, and pipe cleaners.
  • Now set up the stand for the model. Cut the 10-inch ball that was kept aside into half to form the base. The dome should be set up with a flat bottom. Stick these balls into the base in the order they appear in the solar system.

Solar System For Kids – Final Thoughts

There is no wonder why the solar system for kids projects is so popular. It is one of the most interesting areas of study and kids have a lot to explore about space every time they approach the subject. Hope teachers and parents will use these interesting facts, models, and drawings of the solar systems to make the study time fun and informative.

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Multiplication tables/multiplication charts are being introduced to students from a small age and it stays as one of their companions in their later lives.

It is useful in simple grocery shopping to complex tax form calculations.

In this article, you can get free printable multiplication charts for your classroom. And also we shall look on some of the interesting ways to teach little ‘Archimedes’ multiplication tables in an interesting way.

Printable Multiplication Chart – Download for Free!! 

The topics we will cover in this article:

What is Multiplication?

After learning addition and subtractions, kids will start learning multiplication. It is one of the four basic arithmetic operations.

The basic idea of multiplication is repeated addition.

For example: 2 x 3= 2+2+2 = 6

So, to multiply means to add equal group and after multiplication, the number of things in the group increase.

The mathematical symbol used to represent multiplication is cross “x”, asterisk “*”, or dot “.”.

Let’s get to know the terms associated with Multiplication:

  • Multiplicand– The number of objects in each group
  • Multiplier– The number of such equal groups
  • Product- The final answer we get after multiplication

For example:

3 x 7 = 21

Here,

  • Multiplier is 3
  • The multiplicand is 7
  • The product is 21

Also in this 3 x 7 =21,

  • 3 and 7 are called “factors”
  • And 21 is called “product”.

Fun Facts

“The product of any number and one is always the number itself”

“The product of any number and zero is always zero”

“For every multiplication fact, there are two division facts”

Distance-your-classroom-but-not-learning.

How to Memorize the Multiplication Tables

As a teacher, you can help students with some tricks to memorize multiplication tables. Thus students can learn these tables easily and in a way, they won’t forget it ever.

Here, we will go through the multiplication tables of 1- 12 and the best tips and tricks to teach your students.

1) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 1

Any number when multiplied by one gets the number itself as the product.

Example:

  • 1x 5= 5
  • 1 x 12= 12
  • 1x 100 = 100

2) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 2

When a number is multiplied by 2, it gets doubled.

In other words, add the number to itself.

Example:

  • 2 x 4 (4 + 4) = 8
  • 2 x 6 (6 + 6) = 12
  • 2 x 5 (5 + 5) = 10

3) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 3

Generally, three doesn’t have any rules that to make it’s table easy to memorize.

But, I will share an easy method that’s not known by many.

By writing in this way help kids to learn this table easily.

Step 1: First write the numbers from 0-9 in the given order.

Look at the picture given below.

multiplication charts

Step 2: Now add 0 in front of the numbers in the first row, 1 in front of the numbers in the second row and 2 t in front of the numbers in the third row. And lastly, add a 0 after number 3.

Look at the picture below.

multiplication charts

Step 3: Your multiplication table of 3 is ready.

This trick really seems cool,na?

4) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 4

multiplication charts

When a number is multiplied by four, first double it and again double it. But it’s not the cleverest trick, but it still works.

3 x 4 becomes 3+3= 6 + 6 = 12

5) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 5

The multiplication table of 5 always follows a pattern. The ending will be like this:

0,5,0,5,0,5,….

For example:

  • 2 x 5= 10
  • 3 x 5 = 15
  • 4 x 5 = 20
  • 5 x 5= 25

Here is a tip to keep in mind is, odd numbers when multiplied with 5 ends with a five and even numbers ends with a zero

6) Tips for Multiplication Table of 6

When an even number is multiplied by 6, the product always ends with the last digit of the number that is being multiplied.

For example

  • 64 x 6= 384
  • 112 x 6= 672
  • 18 x 6 = 108

But this trick is only for even numbers.

Also Read: 15 Free Math Apps that students should never miss

7) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 7

Like we have seen in the table of 3, I will show you a pattern that works for the table of 7.

Step 1:  In your notebook write 0-9 in the given pattern

Multiplication Table of 7

Step 2: Now add 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 as shown in the below figure.

Multiplication Table of 7

Step 3: Done! Table of 7 is ready in a way kids can learn easily.

multiplication charts Multiplication Table of 7

8) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 8

There are two tricks for 8 times table

  • Let’s make it double, double and double again!

2 x 8 = 16

So, 2 + 2 = 4+4 =8+8 = 16

Step 1: In your notebook, write from 0 to 8 downwards as shown in the below picture

Multiplication Table of 8

Step 2: Now write from 0 to 8 upwards (write 4 two times)

Multiplication Table of 8

Step 3: Yes, your 8 times table is ready

Multiplication Table of 8

9) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 9

Similar to what we have done with the table of 8.

Step 1: Write 0-9 downwards in your notebook

Multiplication Table of 9

Step 2: Now write the numbers backwards from 9-0, next to the number you have written first

Multiplication Table of 9

Step 3: Hurray!! Your nine times table is ready

Multiplication Table of 9

Step 4:  When you add these answers together, the answer is always 9.

Multiplication Table of 9

10) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 10

Like the table of 5, 10 times the table is also easy to remember.

To multiply a number with 10, add a zero to the end of that number.

Example:

7 x 10 = 70

13x 10 = 130

256x 10 = 2650

11) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 11

 Multiplication table of 11, it is very easy as shown below.

In the table of 11, just repeat the digit they’re multiplying by eleven

Multiplication Table of 11

12) Tips for the Multiplication Table of 12

Split the number into two parts, ten and two. Then add them together!

Example:

12 x 8 =?

(10 x 8) + (2 x 8) =96

“””Get your FREE Printable Multiplication Chart right now!!!”””

4 Fun, Hands-on Ways to Teach Multiplication

 1) Roll’em Vegas-style

 

multiplication charts

In this game, each student rolls two dice and then multiplies the number. One who gets the highest product wins the game.

2) Draw Waldorf Multiplication Flowers

multiplication charts

An artistic and fun way to learn multiplication facts.

In the center of the flower, write any number. On the next set of petals, write numbers 1-9.

Draw another set of flowers and write the product of the center number and petal adjacent to the new petal in it.

3) Play Multiplication War

multiplication charts (2)

With a deck of cards students can play multiplication war. They need to flip any two cars randomly and multiply. Whoever gets the highest product wins the game.

4. Make Arrays!!!

free multiplication chart

Arrays are one of the perfect ways to help kids visualize multiplication problems.

An array is the systematic arrangement of similar objects in the form of rows and columns. Kids can use clay, balls, buttons, crayons etc for making arrays.

Conclusion

Multiplication is the most common form of math we encounter in our day to day life.

To have a strong base in multiplication from a young age is a prominent thing. It will help them throughout their daily lives.
To imbibe this, students should be rigorous with the multiplication charts.

Teachers can make use of the multiplication charts and the tips mentioned in this blog to have a fruitful knowledge of multiplication knowledge to your kids.

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What is the Feynman Technique?

Feynman technique is one of the best and effective methods practiced for learning a particular topic by explaining it in simple terms to another person.

It is said that if a person can really explain knowledge in simple words, then he/she is excellent in that particular area or topic.

This is a mental model named after the famous Nobel Laureate Richard Feynman, a physicist.  This provides the learners the best and pretty much simpler method of learning things. It really helps in understanding the most difficult topics with the least effort. Moreover, Feynman’s techniques include many different methods of learning.

Well, according to Richard Feynman, this technique simply deals with the ways of understanding a topic that is really a hard nut to crack for the learner.

The most important tip to master this technique is to imagine you as a kid of 5 or 6 years of age or the one who knows nothing about the topic.

How to use the Feynman Technique as a solution to learning difficulties?

Since this Feynman mode of learning is all about learning by simplifying, this involves certain steps. So, let’s delve into those steps:

  1. Step 1: Get a Clear Idea about the Concept you want to learn:

This is the first step to learn using the method of Feynman, where you should clarify the topic you want to learn. And note it down on the top of a paper or a book so as to make further notes.

  1. Step 2: Self-assess your Current Knowledge

In this step, simply analyze how good you are in the concept by assuming that you are explaining it to a kid of 5 or 6 years of age.

So, you will have to teach from the basic ideas.

You can either give a general summary or then make it specific or you can explain the concept using different examples or daily life instances.

This will help you to assess yourself about your depth of knowledge in the concept.

Also Read: General Knowledge For Kids (105 Questions and Answers)

  1. Spot out the Gaps in your Explanation:

This is where you have to identify the gaps in your knowledge. After figuring out the gap, learn new knowledge so as to bridge the gap. New knowledge is to attain more about the topic.

This involves more of learning in specific rather than learning it in general.

  1. Write down your New Knowledge:

Once you have gained new knowledge, document it on the paper or book, for further reference.

You can make it more understanding and simpler by making use of analogies, visual images or maps, sketch pens (for marking important headings) and many more.

In fact, this is a kind of learning concepts with accuracy and precision.

Once you are done with rechecking and all, pretend teaching a kid without using the paper in which you have written the notes. This will make you more confident about the concept.

This is how you learn a concept using Feynman technique.

Now, let us check some Tips to make the Feynman Technique more effective

  • Instead of simply explaining the concept, you can summarize it. And if you find it tough to summarize, you can divide the concept into different ideas and make a summary out of it. Later on, connect all these ideas together to find the summary of the whole.
  • You can make use of pictures and analogies to summarize your concept. You can also try paraphrasing it in your own words.
  • When you get tough with some specific topic, it would be better if you just make it as a specific question and try to answer it. This would rather avoid beating about the bush and will give you very specific clarification about the concept.
  • Understand the difference between knowing a concept and just knowing the name of the concept. It may make little or no difference to you, but this is something really important to learn a concept. The former on simply knowing the name of something whereas the latter discusses more about “what” actually the concept is.

So, try to understand what is to be learned as whole and what is just to be known by name.

Feynman Technique is not about learning but it can take you to a different way of thinking where you can reconstruct your ideas and learn things more effectively and easily.

You can make use of the Feynman Technique in your daily life too. For instance, if you are talking to someone and you are completely out of knowledge of what the person is talking about, then you can just ask him to break the thought and explain it in small topics.

Apart from helping you to understand, this will also help the speaker to get a deeper idea of what he or she was about.

Thus, to conclude the topic, the Feynman Technique is a self-directed learning process based on distilling what you have learned.

An old adage says “Teaching is the one profession that creates all other professions.” It is very true. Teachers are the ones who build nations, create scientists, and nurture creative minds. In other words, teachers are the building blocks of the civilization. From school teachers to college professors and other trainers, every one has a role in building us into who and what we are.

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In this blog, we bring to you 15 best poems about teaching. A few poems are about teachers talking about their profession, dreams, and feelings. A few others are about students describing teachers and the teaching profession. We hope you enjoy reading the poems as much as we enjoyed collating them.

1. On Teaching – Khalil Gibran

No man can reveal to you aught but that which already lies half asleep in the dawning of your knowledge.

The teacher who walks in the shadow of the temple, among his followers, gives not of his wisdom but rather of his faith and his lovingness.

If he is indeed wise he does not bid you enter the house of his wisdom, but rather leads you to the threshold of your own mind.

The astronomer may speak to you of his understanding of space, but he cannot give you his understanding.

The musician may sing to you of the rhythm which is in all space, but he cannot give you the ear which arrests the rhythm nor the voice that echoes it.

And he who is versed in the science of numbers can tell of the regions of weight and measure, but he cannot conduct you thither.

For the vision of one man lends not its wings to another man.

And even as each one of you stands alone in God’s knowledge, so must each one of you be alone in his knowledge of God and in his understanding of the earth.

Source

2. Subject to Change by Marilyn L. Taylor

A reflection on my students

They are so beautiful, and so very young

they seem almost to glitter with perfection,

these creatures that I briefly move among.

I never get to stay with them for long,

but even so, I view them with affection:

they are so beautiful, and so very young.

Poised or clumsy, placid or high-strung,

they’re expert in the art of introspection,

these creatures that I briefly move among—

And if their words don’t quite trip off the tongue

consistently, with just the right inflection,

they remain beautiful. And very young.

Still, I have to tell myself it’s wrong

to think of them as anything but fiction,

these creatures that I briefly move among—

Because, like me, they’re traveling headlong

in that familiar, vertical direction

that coarsens beautiful, blackmails young—

the two delusions we all move among.

Source

3. Transcendentalism by Lucia Perillo

The professor stabbed his chest with his hands curled like forks

before coughing up the question

that had dogged him since he first read Emerson:

Why am I “I”? Like musk oxen we hunkered

while his lecture drifted against us like snow.

If we could, we would have turned our backs into the wind.

I felt bad about his class’s being such a snoozefest, though peaceful too

a quiet little interlude from everyone outside

rooting up the corpse of literature

for being too Caucasian. There was a simple answer

to my own question (how come no one loved me,

stomping on the pedals of my little bicycle):

I was insufferable. So, too, was Emerson I bet,

though I liked If the red slayer think he slays—

the professor drew a giant eyeball to depict the Over-soul.

Then he read a chapter from his own book:

naptime.

He didn’t care if our heads tipped forward on their stalks.

When spring came, he even threw us a picnic in his yard

where dogwood bloomed despite a few last

dirty bergs of snow. He was a wounded animal

being chased across the tundra by those wolves,

the postmodernists. At any moment

you expected to see blood come dripping through his clothes.

And I am I who never understood his question,

though he let me climb to take a seat

aboard the wooden scow he’d been building in the shade

of thirty-odd years. How I ever rowed it

from his yard, into my life—remains a mystery.

The work is hard because the eyeball’s heavy, riding in the bow

Source

4. The Process of Explication By Dorothea Lasky

Students, look at this table

And now when you see a man six feet tall

You can call him a fathom.

Likewise, students when yes and you do that and other stuff

Likewise too the shoe falls upon the sun

And the alphabet is full of blood

And when you knock upon a sentence in the

Process of explication you are going to need a lot of rags

Likewise, hello and goodbye.

Nick Algiers is my student

And he sits there in a heap in front of me thinking of suicide

And so, I am the one in front of him

And I dance around him in a circle and light him on fire

And with his face on fire, I am suddenly ashamed.

Likewise the distance between us then

Is the knife that is not marriage.

Students, I can’t lie, I’d rather be doing something else, I guess

Like making love or writing a poem

Or drinking wine on a tropical island

With a handsome boy who wants to hold me all night.

I can’t lie that dreams are ridiculous.

And in dreaming myself upon the moon

I have made the moon my home and no one

Can ever get to me to hit me or kiss my lips.

And as my bridegroom comes and takes me away from you

You all ask me what is wrong and I say it is

That I will never win.

Source

5.  A Teacher’s Lament by Kalli Dakos

Don’t tell me the cat ate your math sheet,

And your spelling words went down the drain,

And you couldn’t decipher your homework,

Because it was soaked in the rain.

Don’t tell me you slaved for hours

On the project that’s due today,

And you would have had it finished

If your snake hadn’t run away.

Don’t tell me you lost your eraser,

And your worksheets and pencils, too,

And your papers are stuck together

With a great big glob of glue.

I’m tired of all your excuses;

They are really a terrible bore.

Besides, I forgot my own work,

At home in my study drawer.

Source

6. To David, About His Education by Howard Nemerov

The world is full of mostly invisible things,

And there is no way but putting the mind’s eye,

Or its nose, in a book, to find them out,

Things like the square root of Everest

Or how many times Byron goes into Texas,

Or whether the law of the excluded middle

Applies west of the Rockies. For these

And the like reasons, you have to go to school

And study books and listen to what you are told,

And sometimes try to remember. Though I don’t know

What you will do with the mean annual rainfall

On Plato’s Republic, or the calorie content

Of the Diet of Worms, such things are said to be

Good for you, and you will have to learn them

In order to become one of the grown-ups

Who sees invisible things neither steadily nor whole,

But keeps gravely the grand confusion of the world

Under his hat, which is where it belongs,

And teaches small children to do this in their turn.

Source

7.  Poem for Christian, My Student – by Gail Mazur

He reminds me of someone I used to know,

but who? Before class,

he comes to my office to shmooze,

a thousand thousand pointless interesting

speculations. Irrepressible boy,

his assignments are rarely completed,

or actually started. This week, instead

of research in the stacks, he’s performing

with a reggae band that didn’t exist last week.

Kids danced to his music

and stripped, he tells me gleefully,

high spirit of the street festival.

He’s the singer, of course—

why ask if he studied an instrument?

On the brink of graduating with

an engineering degree (not, it turned out,

his forte), he switched to English,

his second language. It’s hard to swallow

the bravura of his academic escapes

or tell if the dark eyes laugh with his face.

Once, he brought me a tiny persimmon

he’d picked on campus; once, a poem

about an elderly friend in New Delhi

who left him volumes of Tagore

and memories of avuncular conversation.

My encouragement makes him skittish—

it doesn’t suit his jubilant histrionics

of despair. And I remember myself

shrinking from enthusiasm or praise,

the prospect of effort-drudgery.

Success—a threat. A future, we figure,

of revision—yet what can the future be

but revision and repair? Now, on the brink

again, graduation’s postponed, the brilliant

thesis on Walker Percy unwritten.

“I’ll drive to New Orleans and soak

it up and write my paper in a weekend,”

he announces in the Honors office.

And, “I want to be a bum in daytime

and a reggae star at night!”

What could I give him from my life

or art that matters, how share

the desperate slumber of my early years,

the flashes of inspiration and passion

in a life on hold? If I didn’t fool

myself or anyone, no one could touch

me, or tell me much . . . This gloomy

Houston Monday, he appears at my door,

so sunny I wouldn’t dare to wake him

now, or say it matters if he wakes at all.

“Write a poem about me!” he commands,

and so I do.

Source

Also Read: 47 Best Poems For Kids

8. Workshop – by Billy Collins

I might as well begin by saying how much I like the title.

It gets me right away because I’m in a workshop now

so immediately the poem has my attention,

like the Ancient Mariner grabbing me by the sleeve.

And I like the first couple of stanzas,

the way they establish this mode of self-pointing

that runs through the whole poem

and tells us that words are food thrown down

on the ground for other words to eat.

I can almost taste the tail of the snake

in its own mouth,

if you know what I mean.

But what I’m not sure about is the voice,

which sounds in places very casual, very blue jeans,

but other times seems standoffish,

professorial in the worst sense of the word

like the poem is blowing pipe smoke in my face.

But maybe that’s just what it wants to do.

What I did find engaging were the middle stanzas,

especially the fourth one.

I like the image of clouds flying like lozenges

which gives me a very clear picture.

And I really like how this drawbridge operator

just appears out of the blue

with his feet up on the iron railing

and his fishing pole jigging—I like jigging—

a hook in the slow industrial canal below.

I love slow industrial canal below. All those l’s.

Maybe it’s just me,

but the next stanza is where I start to have a problem.

I mean how can the evening bump into the stars?

And what’s an obbligato of snow?

Also, I roam the decaffeinated streets.

At that point I’m lost. I need help.

The other thing that throws me off,

and maybe this is just me,

is the way the scene keeps shifting around.

First, we’re in this big aerodrome

and the speaker is inspecting a row of dirigibles,

which makes me think this could be a dream.

Then he takes us into his garden,

the part with the dahlias and the coiling hose,

though that’s nice, the coiling hose,

but then I’m not sure where we’re supposed to be.

The rain and the mint green light,

that makes it feel outdoors, but what about this wallpaper?

Or is it a kind of indoor cemetery?

There’s something about death going on here.

In fact, I start to wonder if what we have here

is really two poems, or three, or four,

or possibly none.

But then there’s that last stanza, my favorite.

This is where the poem wins me back,

especially the lines spoken in the voice of the mouse.

I mean we’ve all seen these images in cartoons before,

but I still love the details he uses

when he’s describing where he lives.

The perfect little arch of an entrance in the baseboard,

the bed made out of a curled-back sardine can,

the spool of thread for a table.

I start thinking about how hard the mouse had to work

night after night collecting all these things

while the people in the house were fast asleep,

and that gives me a very strong feeling,

a very powerful sense of something.

But I don’t know if anyone else was feeling that.

Maybe that was just me.

Maybe that’s just the way I read it.

Source

9.Teaching English from an Old Composition Book – By Gary Soto

My chalk is no longer than a chip of fingernail,

Chip by which I must explain this Monday

Night the verbs “to get;” “to wear,” “to cut.”

I’m not given much, these tired students,

Knuckle-wrapped from work as roofers,

Sour from scrubbing toilets and pedestal sinks.

I’m given this room with five windows,

A coffee machine, a piano with busted strings,

The music of how we feel as the sun falls,

Exhausted from keeping up.

I stand at

The blackboard. The chalk is worn to a hangnail,

Nearly gone, the dust of some educational bone.

By and by I’m Cantiflas, the comic

Busybody in front. I say, “I get the coffee.”

I pick up a coffee cup and sip.

I click my heels and say, “I wear my shoes.”

I bring an invisible fork to my mouth

And say, “I eat the chicken.”

Suddenly the class is alive—

Each one putting on hats and shoes,

Drinking sodas and beers, cutting flowers

And steaks—a pantomime of sumptuous living.

At break I pass out cookies.

Augustine, the Guatemalan, asks in Spanish,

“Teacher, what is ‘tally-ho’?”

I look at the word in the composition book.

I raise my face to the bare bulb for a blind answer.

I stutter, then say, “Es como delante.”

Augustine smiles, then nudges a friend

In the next desk, now smarter by one word.

After the cookies are eaten,

We move ahead to prepositions—

“Under,” “over,” and “between,”

Useful words when la migra opens the doors

Of their idling vans.

At ten to nine, I’m tired of acting,

And they’re tired of their roles.

When class ends, I clap my hands of chalk dust,

And two students applaud, thinking it’s a new verb.

I tell them delante,

And they pick up their old books.

They smile and, in return, cry, “Tally-ho.”

As they head for the door.

Source

10. John Correia, My College Chemistry Teacher by Jorge H. Aigla

The symbols of hexagons, surrounding circles

transformed into circles crossed by lines

get repeated with chalk, white on black board

many times as you talk to the young.

With the unfolding of years, you continue to stand

at the junction of the child and the man,

you give advice to those few who reach you

and help them become who they are.

Your mind offered me knowledge of things

and your outstretched hand friendship, a light

more stable than any of those bonds

by which our dark center barely holds tight.

Those lonely walks through wide teeming halls

with students who think they know what they want

should ready your soul to breathe with a sign:

it is not senseless, this passage of time.

Source

11. On Teaching the Young by Yvor Winters

The young are quick of speech.

Grown middle-aged, I teach

Corrosion and distrust,

Exacting what I must.

A poem is what stands

When imperceptive hands,

Feeling, have gone astray.

It is what one should say.

Few minds will come to this.

The poet’s only bliss

Is in cold certitude—

Laurel, archaic, rude.

Source

12. Mrs. Stein by Bill Dodds

The school bell rings, we go inside,

Our teacher isn’t there.

“Maybe she’s sick!” her pet cries out.

Yeah, right. As if I’d care.

I have a D in Language Arts,

My grade in math’s the same.

And now my teacher might be sick.

Could be I’m part to blame.

She doesn’t like me, that’s a fact,

I wouldn’t tell a lie.

She says stuff like: “You’re very smart,

But you don’t even try.”

I start to laugh—my teacher’s sick!

And boy, I’m feeling fine . . .

When someone knocks the door right in,

And there stands Frankenstein.

She’s six-foot-eight, her dress is black,

She’s wearing combat boots.

I start to gasp, she growls and says,

“I’ll be your substitute.”

The teacher’s pet is whimpering;

She doesn’t stand a chance.

The smart kid stares and points and faints.

The bully wets his pants.

“My name is Mrs. Stein,” she says,

And every student cringes.

She leans the door against the wall,

She’s knocked it off its hinges.

“Now let’s begin. You there! Stand up!”

She looks me in the eye.

I try to move, my legs won’t work.

I know I’m going to die!

In one big step she’s next to me,

And she does more than hover.

She blocks the sun, it’s dark as night,

My classmates run for cover.

“Now get up to the board,” she says.

“I’d like to see some action.

Pick up the chalk, explain to us

Division of a fraction.”

I leap away to save my life,

This time I really try.

I think and think and think and croak,

“Invert and multiply.”

“Correct! She says. I breathe again

And head back for my chair.

“You, FREEZE!” she shouts, and I stop cold.

“And don’t go anywhere.”

This all begins at nine o’clock,

I fight to stay alive.

It seems to last a million years—

The clock says nine-o-five.

That’s just three hundred seconds,

And then my turn is through.

She points at every one of us—

“Now you. Now, you. Now, you.”

We all get nailed this awful day,

There’s nowhere we can hide.

The lunch bell rings, we cannot eat,

We simply crawl outside.

We can’t believe the other kids

Who run and play their games.

Not us, who have big Mrs. Stein—

Our world is not the same.

The bell has tolled, I must go in,

My time on earth is through.

I’ll leave this on the playground—

Here’s what you have to do.

You must listen to your teacher

And pray her health is fine,

Or one day soon you’ll hear the words:

“My name is Mrs. Stein.”

Source

13. What Teachers Make by Taylor Mali

He says the problem with teachers is

What’s a kid going to learn

from someone who decided his best option in life

was to become a teacher?

He reminds the other dinner guests that it’s true

what they say about teachers:

Those who can, do; those who can’t, teach.

I decide to bite my tongue instead of his

and resist the temptation to remind the dinner guests

that it’s also true what they say about lawyers.

Because we’re eating, after all, and this is polite conversation.

I mean, you’re a teacher, Taylor.

Be honest. What do you make?

And I wish he hadn’t done that— asked me to be honest—

because, you see, I have this policy about honesty and ass-­‐kicking:

if you ask for it, then I have to let you have it.

You want to know what I make?

I make kids work harder than they ever thought they could.

I can make a C+ feel like a Congressional Medal of Honor

and an A-­‐ feel like a slap in the face.

How dare you waste my time

with anything less than your very best.

I make kids sit through 40 minutes of study hall

in absolute silence. No, you may not work in groups.

No, you may not ask a question.

Why won’t I let you go to the bathroom?

Because you’re bored.

And you don’t really have to go to the bathroom, do you?

I make parents tremble in fear when I call home:

Hi. This is Mr. Mali. I hope I haven’t called at a bad time,

I just wanted to talk to you about something your son said today.

To the biggest bully in the grade, he said,

“Leave the kid alone. I still cry sometimes, don’t you?

It’s no big deal.”

And that was the noblest act of courage I have ever seen.

I make parents see their children for who they are

and what they can be.

You want to know what I make? I make kids wonder,

I make them question.

I make them criticize.

I make them apologize and mean it.

I make them write.

I make them read, read, read.

I make them spell definitely beautiful, definitely beautiful, definitely beautiful

over and over and over again until they will never misspell

either one of those words again.

I make them show all their work in math

and hide it on their final drafts in English.

I make them understand that if you’ve got this,

then you follow this,

and if someone ever tries to judge you

by what you make, you give them this.

Here, let me break it down for you, so you know what I say is true:

Teachers make a goddamn difference! Now what about you?

Source

14. The Hand by Mary Ruefle

The teacher asks a question.

You know the answer, you suspect

you are the only one in the classroom

who knows the answer, because the person

in question is yourself, and on that

you are the greatest living authority,

but you don’t raise your hand.

You raise the top of your desk

and take out an apple.

You look out the window.

You don’t raise your hand and there is

some essential beauty in your fingers,

which aren’t even drumming, but lie

flat and peaceful.

The teacher repeats the question.

Outside the window, on an overhanging branch,

a robin is ruffling its feathers

and spring is in the air.

Source

15. Teachers by Kevin William Huff

Teachers

Paint their minds

and guide their thoughts

Share their achievements

and advise their faults

Inspire a Love

of knowledge and truth

As you light the path

Which leads our youth

For our future brightens

with each lesson you teach

Each smile you lengthen

Each goal you help reach

For the dawn of each poet

each philosopher and king

Begins with a Teacher

And the wisdom they bring.

Source

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To Sum Up

Hope you have enjoyed reading these poems. So, with due respect, shower gratitude and love towards your teachers. Without these amazing people, it might have been a struggling journey for each one of us to reach where we are now today.

Women freedom fighters of India deserve special acclaim while moving through the history of Indian freedom struggle. In their way, they have faced various tortures, exploitations, etc. They sacrificed their lives for the nation.

In all aspects, they rightly deserve a standing ovation and are true inspiration for all of us. These women’s freedom fighters were brave and intelligent.

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In this blog, we shall read about some women freedom fighters of India, who fought courageously for the nation.

RANI LAKSHMI BAI SAROJINI NAIDU KASTURBA GANDHI KAMALA NEHRU JHALKARI BAI
BEGUM HAZRAT MAHAL KITTUR RANI CHENNAMMA RANI GAIDINLIU MATANGINI HAZRA UDA DEVI
MOOLMATI ARUNA ASAF ALI KANAKLATA BARUA TARA RANI SRIVASTAVA MADAM BHIKAIJI CAMA
ANNIE BESANT CAPTAIN LAXMI SEHGAL AMMU SWAMINATHAN UMABAI KUNDAPUR SUCHETA KRIPLANI
KAMALADEVI CHATTOPADHYAY VIJAYALAKSHMI PANDIT SAVITRI BAI PHULE BEGUM ROYEKA DURGA BAI DESHMUKH

1. RANI LAKSHMI BAI

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 19 November 1828
  • Died: 18 June 1858
  • Full name: Manikarnika Tambe
  • Nicknames:Manu

The Rani of Jhansi, Lakshmi Bai, was the queen of Maratha. She was the first freedom fighter of India who fought in the Independence Movement of 1857.

She is always remembered for her bravery and valor as a warrior. She fought against the British rule till the end and was considered a symbol of resistance.

The British considered her a force to reckon with.

Also Read: 25 Popular Freedom Fighters of India

2. SAROJINI NAIDU

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 13 February 1879
  • Died: 2 March 1949
  • Full name: Sarojini Chattopadhyaya
  • Nicknames: Nightingale of India
  • Awards:  Kaisar-i-Hind Medal 

Sarojini Naidu was a poet and an independence activist. She was the first lady to become a governor of a province and of a state in independent India.

She was appointed as the president of the Indian National Congress. She established the Women’s Indian Association and was involved in women’s welfare and empowerment.

She was arrested and jailed for her roles in the Civil Disobedience and the Quit India movements.

She supported Gandhiji in the Sabarmati pact, Montagu-Chelmsford reforms, Satyagraha pledge and Khilafat issue.

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women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 11 April 1869
  • Died: 22 February 1944
  • Full name: Kasturbai Makhanji Kapadia

Kasturba Gandhi, the wife of Gandhiji, took an active role in politics and the independence of India.

She taught Indians the basic qualities of health and hygiene and the value of reading and writing. She partook in all the demonstrations and movements for Indian independence.

4. KAMALA NEHRU

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 1 August 1899
  • Died: 28 February 1936

Kamala Nehru, wife of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, was a freedom fighter herself.

She was instrumental in organizing women groups during the Non-cooperation Movement in 1921 and picketed foreign cloth and liquor stores.

She often stood in for her husband and delivered speeches when he could not arrive on time.

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5. JHALKARI BAI

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 22 November 1830
  • Died:  4 April 1858 
  • Full name: JHALKARI BAI

Jhalkari Bai was a courageous woman and a fighter. With her fighting tactics, she killed tigers in the jungle and forced dacoits to retreat. She played a crucial role in the battle of Jhansi.

Her close resemblance to Rani Laxmi Bai enabled her to take command of the army during the battle allowing the queen to escape.

6. BEGUM HAZRAT MAHAL

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 1820
  • Died: 7 April 1879
  •  Full name: Begum Hazrat Mahal
  • Nicknames:  Begum of Awadh,

Begum Hazrat was known as Begum of Awadh. She rebelled against the British. On the demise of her husband, she took over the rule of Awadh. She captured Lucknow and appointed her son as the ruler.

Lucknow was later re-captured by the British. She fought against the demolition of temples and mosques for the construction of roads.

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7. KITTUR RANI CHENNAMMA

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 23 October 1778
  • Died:  21 February 1829
  • Full name:  Kitturu Rani Chennamma
  • Nicknames: Queen of the princely state of Kittur

She belonged to the Lingayat community in a small village in Karnataka. She was a valiant freedom fighter well versed in sword fighting, archery and horse-riding.

She ruled over her kingdom and rebelled against the British rule in India.

8. RANI GAIDINLIU

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 26 January 1915
  • Died: 17 February 1993 
  • Full name: Rani Gaidinliu
  • Nicknames: Gaidiliu

Rani from Manipur, a daughter of the hills, is known for her resistance to British rule. She started at a young age joining the movement for the revival of the Naga Tribe which led to her arrest by the British when she was 17 years.

She was imprisoned for 14 years. On completion of her jail term, she engaged in rebellion against the British in Cachar Hills and Hangrum Village. She fought for freedom with an indomitable spirit.

9. MATANGINI HAZRA

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 17 November 1869
  • Died: 29 September 1942
  • Nicknames: Gandhi Buri”or “old lady Gandhi

Matangini Hazra, known as Gandhi Buri, was a revolutionary who protested against British rule and was imprisoned a few times. She was known for her patriotism and independence.

She led a procession of six thousand people during Quit India movement. She was shot dead by the police in Tamluk, Midnapore district.

She held the Indian flag high and chanted ‘Vande Matram’ when faced with death.

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10. UDA DEVI

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: on Lucknow
  • Died: 16 November 1857

Uda Devi, along with other Dalit ladies was known as Dalit Veeranganas of the Indian Independence struggle of 1857.

She was a bold and resolute woman. Begum Hazrat helped her in forming a women’s battalion.

Under Uda Devi’s command, they fought bravely against the British. She is said to have shot dead British soldiers from a pipal tree.

11. MOOLMATI

women freedom fighters of india

Moolmati was a little known patriot who resisted British rule. She was known as the sacrificial mother.

When her son Ramprasad Bismil was hanged by the British rulers, she was unmoved and proud. She addressed public meetings and arranged processions. She offered her and her other son’s support to the freedom struggle.

Also Read: 25 Popular Freedom Fighters of India

12. ARUNA ASAF ALI

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 16 July 1909
  • Died: 29 July 1996

She was a political activist and an active member of the Indian National Congress. She participated in the Salt Satyagraha and the Quit India movement.

She was imprisoned by the British. She organized protests inside the jail against the treatment meted out to prisoners. Her strikes resulted in the improvement of the conditions of the prisoners in Tihar jail.

13. KANAKLATA BARUA

women freedom fighters of india

  • Born: 22 December 1924
  • Died: 20 September 1942
  • Nicknames: Birbala

Known as Birbala, Kanaklata Barua was a freedom fighter from Assam. She actively participated in the Quit India movement in 1942.

She protested against the British by waving the Indian flag and shouting slogans. She was shot dead by the police at the age of 18.

14. TARA RANI SRIVASTAVA

women freedom fighters of india

Tara and her husband Phulendu Babu joined the Quit India movement protests. They gathered a crowd and marched towards Siwan Police Station in Bihar shouting slogans.

The police opened fire and her husband was badly hurt. She still led the crowd holding the Indian flag. Her husband eventually died, but she continued her struggle for freedom.

15. MADAM BHIKAIJI CAMA

  • Born: 24 September 1861
  • Died: 13 August 1936 
  • Full name: Bhikaiji Rustom Cama

Madam Bhikaiji Cama was a Parsi social worker, an active freedom fighter and a philanthropist.

She was affected by bubonic plague while providing assistance and aid to those infected.

She voiced for human rights and equality between men and women. She donated all her assets to help and orphanage for girls. She was designated as an Indian ambassador to Germany in 1907.

16. ANNIE BESANT

  •  Born:1 october 1847
  • Died:20 september 1933

Annie Besant was a British socialist but an active fighter for self-rule for India. She was president of the Theosophical Society, helped in establishing Hindu colleges and was a co-founder of the All India Home Rule League.

She became president of the Indian National Congress. Her contributions to self-rule agitations are innumerable.

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17. CAPTAIN LAXMI SEHGAL

  • 24 October 1914
  • Died: 23 July 2012
  • Full name:
    Captain Lakshmi Sehgal
  • Awards: Padma Vibhushan

Capt Laxmi was a doctor as well as a social activist. She was the first lady in India to lead an all-women regiment, the Rani Jhansi Regiment.

She worked with her heart looking after untouchables and patients till she died. She was awarded the Padma Bhushan for her dedication to society.

18. AMMU SWAMINATHAN

  •   Born:22 april 1894
  • Died:4 july 1978
  • Full name: Ammu Swaminathan Anakkara Vadakath

Ammu was a political activist and social worker during the pre-independence movement. She fought against the arrogance of the upper caste. She was member of the committee which drafted the Indian constitution.

Her political work took her to countries abroad as a goodwill ambassador. She was president of the Bharat Scouts and Guides.

19. UMABAI KUNDAPUR

  • Born:1892
  • Died:1992

Umabai was an unselfish political activist. She preferred to stay out of the limelight and refused many honors and posts offered to her. She participated in protests and acted against the British. She founded the Bagini Mandal and led the women’s wing of the Hindustani Seva Dal. She provided shelter for the freedom fighters.

20. SUCHETA KRIPLANI

  • Born: 25 June 1904
  • Died: 1 December 1974

Sucheta, a political activist, came into limelight during the Quit India movement. She was the first woman to be a chief minister of Uttar Pradesh of independent India.

She believed in the ideals of Gandhiji and partook fearlessly in the riots with him. She was a member of the committee that drafted the constitution of India.

21. KAMALADEVI CHATTOPADHYAY

Kamaladevi was a social reformer and a dedicated freedom fighter. She was the first woman to be arrested by the British for her active role in politics.

She was fearless and committed to her efforts. She participated in the Salt Satyagraha. She was elected to the Legislative Assembly. She worked for the improvement of the conditions of women in India. She promoted theater and handicrafts in post-independent India.

22. VIJAYALAKSHMI PANDIT

  • Born: 18 August 1900 
  • Died: 1 December 1990

Vijayalakshmi Pandit, the sister of Jawaharlal Nehru, is known for her diplomatic role in Indian politics. She was the first lady to be designated as a cabinet minister for public health.

She was the first woman to hold the post of the president of the United Nations General Assembly.  She was the first woman ambassador in the world. She was ambassador to Moscow, London and Washington.

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23. SAVITRI BAI PHULE

  • Born: 3 January 1831 
  • Died: 10 March 1897
  • Full name: Savitribai Jyotirao Phule

Savitri Bai along with her husband Jyotirao Phule took the first step to educate girls.

She was the first female teacher at the first girl’s school in India. She fought against the orthodox norms of society during the British rule. She overcame all resistance and brought about social reform in Maharashtra.

24. BEGUM ROYEKA

  • ROYEKA  Born: 9 December 1880
  • Died: 9 December 1932
  • Full name: Rokeya Sakhawat HossainNicknames:

Begum was one of the earliest women freedom fighters and social activists in India. She fought for gender equality at a time when it was not thought of.

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She wrote books, stories, poems and essays wherein she advocated the necessity for men and women to be treated on par. She did mention that lack of education was the prime cause of backwardness in women.

25. DURGA BAI DESHMUKH

She was a political and social activist in India’s struggle for independence. A lawyer, by profession, she was an ardent follower of Gandhiji and was a part of the Satyagraha movement. She was elected to the Lok Sabha and the Planning Commission as a member. She formed the Social Welfare Board to rehabilitate and improve the conditions of women and children.

Women Freedom Fighters – Infographics

Women Freedom Fighters of india

The women freedom fighters came from different parts of India. Though with different backgrounds, they all came together to fight for the independence of India. Stories of their valor, courage and patriotism inspire us.